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Aluminium Extrusion: Bars, Tubes and Profiles
Almost every aluminium bar, tube, angle and T-slot profile is extruded: a cylinder of aluminium, the billet, is heated to about 350–500 °C, placed in a heavy-walled container and pushed by a ram through a steel die whose opening is the shape of the product, like toothpaste from a tube. Presses range from about 230 to 11,000 tonnes. Hollow shapes such as tube pass round a mandrel or through a die that splits and rejoins the metal. The long extrusion is cooled, stretched to straighten it, cut to length and, for the stronger alloys, heat treated.
This is an industrial process; it explains how the stock that makers buy is made.
高级
Minutes per billet (industrial)
说明
1
1
Cast and cut billets
Cast and cut billets
Aluminium ingots are remelted with the alloy additions and cast as long round logs, then sawn into billets.
此步骤所需材料：
铝锭100 公斤2
2
Heat the billet
Heat the billet
Each billet is heated to about 350–500 °C, soft enough to flow but well below melting.
所需工具：
退火炉3
3
Load and push
Load and push
The billet goes into the press container in front of the die; the ram pushes it through at pressures of tens to hundreds of megapascals. The die's opening sets the profile.
所需工具：
液压挤压机
挤压模4
4
Cool and stretch
Cool and stretch
The profile runs out on a table, is cooled by air or water, then gripped at both ends and stretched straight.
5
5
Cut and treat
Cut and treat
It is sawn to length; heat-treatable alloys are then aged to full strength.
所需工具：
退火炉6
6
Check the profile
Check the profile
Sections are measured against the drawing's dimensions and tolerances.
所需工具：
6 英寸数显卡尺此蓝图制作
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