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Nichrome Wire: Nickel and Chromium Fused, Drawn and Annealed
Nichrome is the heating wire of toasters and irons. Albert Marsh patented it in 1906: nickel with less than 25 % chromium, drawn into wire and annealed, with about fifty times the resistance of copper and great resistance to oxidation when hot. Iron, he wrote, will not do. Elwood Haynes (1907) fused pure, carbon-free nickel and chromium in a magnesia crucible under an oxyhydrogen flame. White heat: face shield and gloves.
The picture: Marsh's patent drawing, a rheostat wound with the alloy (US 811,859).
高级
3 days
说明
1
1
Weigh 85 nickel to 15 chromium
Weigh 85 nickel to 15 chromium
Cut 85 g of nickel sheet into small pieces and weigh 15 g of chromium: Marsh's own example. Both must be pure and free of carbon.
此步骤所需材料：
镍片85 克
金属铬15 克所需工具：
金属剪
等臂天平2
2
Fuse under the oxyhydrogen flame
Fuse under the oxyhydrogen flame
Put the metals in a magnesia crucible, set it in a furnace lined with magnesia, and heat it with the oxyhydrogen blowpipe until both have melted together.
所需工具：
氧化镁坩埚
氧化镁
氢氧吹管
坩埚钳
面屏
皮手套3
3
Cast a rod
Cast a rod
Pour the alloy into a narrow mould to get a rod that will start in the largest hole of the drawplate.
所需工具：
锭模坩埚钳面屏皮手套4
4
Draw and anneal
Draw and anneal
Draw the rod down through the drawplate one hole at a time, as in the drawplate blueprint, and anneal it in the furnace whenever it gets hard. Marsh gives no annealing temperature. Stop at 0.41 mm (0.016 in).
所需工具：
钢制拉丝板
拉丝钳
拉丝润滑剂
木炭坩埚炉
千分尺皮手套5
5
Check the resistance
Check the resistance
Measure one metre with the multimeter. Marsh's 15 % wire of this size measured about 2.3 ohms per foot, which is 7.5 ohms per metre.
所需工具：
万用表此蓝图制作
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