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Youblob (drawn after Fownes) · CC0
Potassium Sulfate from the Nitric Acid Residue
When nitric acid is distilled from saltpetre and sulfuric acid, an acid salt is left in the retort. George Fownes's chemistry manual turns it into potassium sulfate: dissolve it, neutralise it with crude potash and let the neutral salt crystallise. Potassium sulfate is what makes potash alum from alum shale.
中级
A day with cooling
说明
1
1
Dissolve the residue
Dissolve the residue
Break the cold residue out of the nitric acid retort and dissolve it in hot water.
此步骤所需材料：
硫酸氢钾500 克
水2 升所需工具：
等臂天平
玻璃烧杯
电热板
化学防溅护目镜
橡胶手套2
2
Neutralise with potash
Neutralise with potash
Stir in crude potash a little at a time; it fizzes. Stop when litmus paper no longer turns red.
此步骤所需材料：
碳酸钾（草木灰碱）260 克所需工具：
玻璃烧杯
石蕊试纸化学防溅护目镜橡胶手套3
3
Filter and crystallise
Filter and crystallise
Filter it hot, boil it down a little and let it cool. Hard, clear crystals of potassium sulfate form.
所需工具：
带颈玻璃漏斗
滤纸
蒸发皿电热板4
4
Recrystallise
Recrystallise
Dissolve the crystals again in as little boiling water as will take them, and cool. Dry them gently: Fownes notes they crackle apart if heated suddenly.
此步骤所需材料：
水1 as required所需工具：
蒸发皿电热板5
5
Potash to neutralise the residue
Potash to neutralise the residue
正在加载 Jupyter 笔记本…
6
6
Limits
Limits
Fownes's method; the amounts are ours, from the reaction. Crude potash carries other salts, so a second crystallising matters.
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