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PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene)
On 6. April 1938 Roy Plunkett at DuPont opened the valve on a cylinder of tetrafluoroethylene gas, a candidate refrigerant, and nothing came out - though the cylinder still weighed full. Sawn open, it held a white waxy powder: the gas had polymerised by itself. The powder resisted every solvent and acid tried on it, did not melt like other plastics, and almost nothing would stick to it.
**US 2,230,654**, "Tetrafluoroethylene polymers", Plunkett, assigned to Kinetic Chemicals, granted 4. February 1941. Its first claim is two words: "Polymerized tetrafluoroethylene."
**Tetrafluoroethylene is explosive and is never handled outside a plant.** You build what the material is for: a hinged tilting ramp that measures the coefficient of friction of PTFE against steel, beside nylon, acrylic and steel itself.
初学者
3 hours
说明
1
1
The rig
The rig
The whole rig: a 400 mm base, a hinged ramp with a steel strip on top, a prop under the raised end, and a faced sled.
2
2
Cut base and ramp
Cut base and ramp
From 18 mm plywood saw two boards 400 x 120 mm. Sand the edges.
此步骤所需材料：
胶合板1 个所需工具：
手锯
钢直尺
C 形夹3
3
Hinge them
Hinge them
Lay the boards end to end and fit the butt hinge across one short joint with 4 wood screws, pilot-drilled 2 mm. The ramp must lift from flat to 45° without rocking.
此步骤所需材料：
合页1 个
木螺钉4 个所需工具：
充电式电钻
盒装钻头组
螺丝刀套装4
4
Fit the steel counterface
Fit the steel counterface
Stick a 360 x 100 mm strip of mild steel sheet to the ramp's top face with double-sided tape. Wipe it with isopropyl alcohol - grease halves any reading.
此步骤所需材料：
低碳钢板1 个
双面胶带1 卷
99% 异丙醇10 毫升所需工具：
透明安全眼镜5
5
Make four sleds
Make four sleds
Saw four 60 x 60 mm plywood blocks. Face one each with PTFE, nylon, acrylic and steel cut to 60 x 60 mm, fixed with double-sided tape. Clean every face with alcohol.
此步骤所需材料：
PTFE Sheet1 个
尼龙板（6/6）1 个
亚克力板1 个低碳钢板1 个双面胶带1 卷所需工具：
手锯
美工刀6
6
Tilt until it goes
Tilt until it goes
Set a sled 100 mm from the top. Raise the ramp slowly, about 1° per second. Stop the instant it slides and read the angle finder on the ramp. Five tries per sled.
所需工具：
量角器／角度尺钢直尺7
7
Load it
Load it
Repeat the PTFE sled with a weight taped on top. The angle should not change.
所需工具：
配重量角器／角度尺8
8
Angles into friction
Angles into friction
正在加载 Jupyter 笔记本…
9
9
History & Context
History & Context
**What the patent specifies:** the polymer of tetrafluoroethylene itself, a solid insoluble in ordinary solvents. **Modern build (derived):** machined PTFE sheet against clean mild steel on a tilting plane.
Its first large use was seals and gaskets for the Manhattan Project's uranium hexafluoride plant, a gas that attacked everything else. DuPont registered Teflon in 1945; non-stick pans followed in the 1950s, and stretched PTFE became Gore-Tex. Its limits: it creeps under steady load, wears quickly without fillers, cannot be glued without etching, and above about 260 °C in use it begins to give off harmful fumes.
材料
9- 1 个占位符
- 合页10% 佣金1 个占位符
- 4 个占位符
- 1 个占位符
- 1 卷占位符
- 10 毫升占位符
- 1 个占位符
- 1 个占位符
- 1 个占位符
所需工具
10- 占位符
- 占位符
- 占位符
- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yet占位符
- 占位符
- 占位符
- 占位符
- 占位符
- 占位符
- 占位符
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