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Spray-Jet Dishwasher Arm
Josephine Cochrane's machine, already published, held the dishes in wire racks and threw water at them from fixed jets while the rack was turned. Robert Tatham's rung makes the water do the moving: jets angled off the radius push the arm round, so a pump and one moving part wash a stationary load from every direction.
**US 1,900,529**, "Dishwasher", Robert L. Tatham, filed 29. June 1929, granted 7. March 1933: apparatus for "washing dishes by discharging water with considerable force, in the form of jets or sprays", delivered by a pump. Every domestic dishwasher since has a reaction-driven spray arm.
**You build the arm** from PVC pipe on a bearing, fed by a submersible pump, and measure its speed and how much of a dirty plate it actually cleans.
中级
3 hours
说明
1
1
Drill the arm
Drill the arm
Cap both ends of a 200 mm length of 20 mm PVC pipe. Drill six 2 mm holes along it, three each side of centre, all angled about 20 degrees off straight-out and all the same way round.
此步骤所需材料：
PVC 管1 个
PVC 管件组合1 套所需工具：
充电式电钻
钻头套装
直尺2
2
Hang it on a bearing
Hang it on a bearing
Fit a ball bearing at the arm's centre on a short stub of pipe so it spins freely, and connect the pump to the stub with vinyl tubing. Keep the tubing slack so it cannot drag.
此步骤所需材料：
滚珠轴承1 个
透明乙烯软管1 米所需工具：
热熔胶枪3
3
Measure the flow
Measure the flow
Run the pump into a graduated cylinder for 15 seconds and work out litres per minute. Do it again with the pump half-throttled by pinching the tube.
所需工具：
潜水泵
水桶
量筒
秒表4
4
Dirty a plate
Dirty a plate
Paint a ceramic plate with a paste of flour and food colouring and let it dry hard. Stand it in the bucket above the arm.
此步骤所需材料：
中筋面粉50 克
食用色素5 毫升所需工具：
陶瓷托盘5
5
Run, count, compare
Run, count, compare
Run for one minute, counting arm revolutions in 30 seconds. Photograph the plate and estimate the share cleaned. Repeat with the arm locked still, and at half flow.
所需工具：
秒表
美纹纸胶带6
6
Reaction speed and coverage
Reaction speed and coverage
正在加载 Jupyter 笔记本…
7
7
History & Context
History & Context
**What the patent specifies:** washing by forceful jets or sprays delivered by a pump against dishes held in a tray. **Modern build (derived):** a reaction-driven PVC arm and an aquarium pump.
Later machines added a second arm above, a heater to keep the wash hot, and a detergent dispenser timed to the cycle. Its limits: a jet cannot clean what it cannot reach, so loading matters; burnt-on food still needs soaking; and the arm stalls if cutlery drops through the rack.
材料
6- 1 个占位符
- 1 套占位符
- 占位符
- 1 米占位符
- 50 克占位符
- 5 毫升占位符
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