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Urea: Separated from Urine as the Oxalate, Freed with Chalk and Crystallised
Urine holds 1.5–2 % urea. Thorpe's Dictionary (1913) gives the usual way to get it out: the concentrated, filtered urine is treated with hot saturated oxalic acid, which throws down the sparingly soluble urea oxalate. Chalk breaks the oxalate up again; the liquid is cleared with animal charcoal and evaporated until urea crystallises on cooling, in needles or four-sided prisms.
The picture: our diagram.
中级
2 days
说明
1
1
Concentrate and filter the urine
Concentrate and filter the urine
Concentrate the urine and filter it. Ours: evaporate it in a dish on a water bath.
此步骤所需材料：
尿液1 as required所需工具：
蒸发皿
水浴
电热板
滤纸
带颈玻璃漏斗
橡胶手套2
2
Precipitate urea oxalate
Precipitate urea oxalate
Add a hot saturated solution of oxalic acid; the sparingly soluble urea oxalate separates. Collect it.
所需工具：
二水合草酸
蒸馏水
玻璃烧杯
搅拌器滤纸带颈玻璃漏斗
化学防溅护目镜3
3
Decompose with chalk, decolorise
Decompose with chalk, decolorise
Decompose the urea oxalate with powdered chalk (ours: whiting) and water, and filter. Decolorise the filtrate with animal charcoal and filter again.
所需工具：
碳酸钙（白垩粉）
骨炭黑颜料蒸馏水玻璃烧杯搅拌器滤纸带颈玻璃漏斗4
4
Evaporate and crystallise
Evaporate and crystallise
Evaporate the clear filtrate until urea crystallises out on cooling.
所需工具：
蒸发皿水浴电热板此蓝图制作
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