Hand Carders: Bent Wire Pins Set in Leather on Beech Paddles

Hand carders are a pair of paddles faced with card cloth: a flexible backing set with close rows of wire pins. Wool brushed between them lines up and comes off as a rolag for spinning. Bend wire into U-shaped staples, push them through pricked leather, bend every pin over at the same angle, and nail the cloth to two beech paddles. The picture: our diagram, a card from the face and its pins in section.