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Funnel-Tube Atmospheric Churn: Trailing Funnels on a Fast Cross Draw Air Down Slanting Tubes Into the Cream
Loren J. Wicks of Racine, Wisconsin, received US 23,208, dated 8 March 1859, for an atmospheric churn. A crank turns a wheel cogged on its side, which spins an upright shaft fast. Near its foot the shaft carries a cross with a funnel on each arm, mouth trailing; four slanting tubes run from the funnels up to the shaft near its top. As the funnels draw away from the cream, air is sucked down the tubes and bubbles up through it. The top has gauze-covered openings for air and for watching the cream.
This rung builds it in a square food container with printed gears and cross.
Avanzado
About 6 hours, plus printing
Instrucciones
1
1
Speeds at the tubes' two ends
Speeds at the tubes' two ends
Cargando el cuaderno de Jupyter…
2
2
Air into the cream, before it
Air into the cream, before it
Bump pumped air in with a hollow dasher. Wicks lets turning funnels draw it in with no valve.
3
3
Read US 23,208
Read US 23,208
"As the funnels recede from the cream or milk a vacuum is produced in the tubes j, j, j, j, and the external air rushes in immediately at the tops of the tubes and is conveyed through them to the bottom of the churn, where it escapes and rises through the cream to the top of the churn again."
4
4
Print the cross i
Print the cross i
The cross with four slanting tube sockets and the funnels k on the arms' sides. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
5
5
Print the collar
Print the collar
The collar that holds the tubes' tops round the shaft. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
6
6
Print the socket
Print the socket
The foot bearing for shaft G. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
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7
Print the pinion F
Print the pinion F
The 12-tooth pinion for the top of shaft G. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
8
8
Print the wheel E
Print the wheel E
The 204 mm wheel with 60 teeth on its side. Print it flat, teeth up. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
9
9
Body A and the ventilating top
Body A and the ventilating top
Use a square food-grade container about 300 x 300 x 320 mm. Cut a 12 mm plywood top 320 mm square with a 13 mm hole in the middle and two openings 70 x 80 mm beside it; staple wire mesh over the openings (gauze D) and screw two hardwood cleats underneath so the top sits square on the rim. Screw the socket to the middle of the container's floor with an M4 screw and lock nut.
Materiales para este paso:
Recipiente de almacenaje de grado alimentario1 pieza
Tablero contrachapado1 pieza
Malla metálica1 pieza
Tabla de madera dura1 pieza
Tornillos para madera8 piezas
Tornillos de máquina1 pieza
Tuerca autoblocante con inserto de nailon1 pieza
Filamento PETG1 piezaHerramientas necesarias:
Impresora 3D de filamento (FDM)
Sierra de calar
Taladro inalámbrico
Juego de brocas
Tijeras de chapa
Juego de destornilladores
Cinta métrica10
10
Shaft G, cross, tubes and collar
Shaft G, cross, tubes and collar
Cut a 12 mm stainless rod 373 mm long for shaft G. Fix the cross on it 20 mm above its foot and the collar 258 mm above its foot, each with an M4 screw across. Cut four 10 mm stainless tubes about 250 mm long, deburr them, and push each into its cross socket and up into the collar. Check that every funnel mouth points the same way round: they must trail as the shaft turns.
Materiales para este paso:
Varilla de acero inoxidable1 pieza
Tubo de acero inoxidable1 piezaTornillos de máquina2 piezasTuerca autoblocante con inserto de nailon2 piezasHerramientas necesarias:
Sierra para metales
Cortatubos
Limas (lima de mano)Juego de destornilladores11
11
Uprights, wheel E and crank S
Uprights, wheel E and crank S
Stand shaft G in its socket, put the top on and fix the pinion on G's top. Screw two hardwood uprights C 44 x 30 x 158 mm to the top, either side of the wheel's place, bored 12.5 mm at 128 mm up. Run a 12 mm stainless rod through them and the wheel's hub as shaft B so the wheel's teeth mesh with the pinion, fix the wheel with an M4 screw, and fix a hardwood crank S 132 mm long with a dowel handle on B's end.
Materiales para este paso:
Tabla de madera dura1 piezaTornillos para madera4 piezasVarilla de acero inoxidable1 piezaTornillos de máquina2 piezasTuerca autoblocante con inserto de nailon2 piezas
Espigas de madera dura1 pieza
Cola de carpintero1 piezaHerramientas necesarias:
SerruchoTaladro inalámbricoJuego de brocasSierra para metalesJuego de destornilladores12
12
The build in 3D
The build in 3D
FreeCAD model of this build, the near quarter of the container and top cut away: the shaft on its socket with the cross, funnels, slanting tubes and collar, the meshed top with its uprights, wheel E and pinion F, and the crank.
13
13
Churn
Churn
Pour in about 10 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer, and put the top on. Turn the crank fast the way that makes the funnels trail, and time it; watch through the gauze for bubbles rising. When the butter comes it gathers between the tubes at the bottom. Lift out the top and shaft, pour off the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.
Materiales para este paso:
Crema de leche espesa10 l
Sal marina gruesa1 pieza
Agua1 piezaHerramientas necesarias:
Termómetro de sonda permanente
Cronómetro
Báscula digital de cocina
Bol grande de acero inoxidable14
14
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Atmospheric churn troubleshooting.
Flow
Loading...
15
15
History and honest limits
History and honest limits
**Loren J. Wicks** of Racine, Wisconsin, US 23,208, 8 March 1859, "Churn". He held that the tubes' feet, moving much faster than their tops, upset the balance and draw air in quickly, and that the butter, heavier than the cream, settles between the tubes. He claimed the shaft, slanting tubes, cross pieces and funnels in a square churn with a ventilating top. He gave no sizes or materials, and drew F as a bevel wheel; our pinion is straight-cut, and every size and material is ours.
Materiales
15- Marcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- 12 piezasMarcador de posición
- 5 piezasMarcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
- 1 piezaMarcador de posición
Herramientas requeridas
15- Marcador de posición
- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetMarcador de posición
- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetMarcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetMarcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
- Marcador de posición
Archivos de diseño
6
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