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Ventilating Paddle Rocking Churn: Hinged Paddles That Strike One Way and Slip the Other
George W. Cook, Schenectady, New York · Public domain (expired patent)
Woody

Créé par

Woody

6. octobre 2026NO
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Ventilating Paddle Rocking Churn: Hinged Paddles That Strike One Way and Slip the Other

Cook set out to let "a current of fresh air" into the churn "to hasten the production of the butter and to improve its quality." George W. Cook of Schenectady, New York, received US 3,460, dated 28 February 1844, for "Cook's Ventilating Churn": a semi-cylinder balanced on pivots so it rocks easily, its top closed by thin boards except a narrow opening in the middle. Inside, two frames at about 45° from the vertical, inclined opposite ways, carry perforated paddles hung on gudgeons. As the vessel is canted, one set swings square to its frame and strikes the cream while the other turns flat against its stops. This rung works out how the paddles hang, then prints the ends, frames and paddles, bends a stainless semi-cylinder, and makes butter.
Avancé
About 6 hours, plus printing

Consignes

1

How the paddles hang

Chargement du notebook Jupyter…
2

A rocking churn on pivots before it

The embedded blueprint rocks a box on gudgeons with springs to return it. Cook balances his vessel on pivots and puts hinged paddles inside.
3

Read US 3,460

"When the vessel is canted, as represented in Fig. 2 the paddles N drop down or turn on their gudgeons assuming a position nearly at right angles to the sides of the frame of the paddles. At the same time the paddles N2 of the other frame turn until they are in a line parallel with the sides of the frame when they strike against pins or stops O2 inserted into the sides of the frame on the inside thereof."
4

Print the parts

Print two vessel ends flat (/uploads/blueprints/ventilating-paddle-rocking-churn-end.stl), each with its groove, pivot boss and the two ledges for the frames. Print two frames (/uploads/blueprints/ventilating-paddle-rocking-churn-frame.stl) and eight perforated paddles (/uploads/blueprints/ventilating-paddle-rocking-churn-paddle.stl). Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Matériaux pour cette étape :

Filament PETGFilament PETG1 pièce

Outils nécessaires :

Imprimante 3D à filament (FDM)Imprimante 3D à filament (FDM)
5

Bend and close the vessel

Cut a 0.5 mm stainless sheet 160 mm wide and about 252 mm long, deburr it, and bend it round a 160 mm form into a half circle. Seat it in both ends' grooves in silicone. Cut two thin plywood boards to close the top, sloping 10–15° down toward the middle and leaving a narrow opening there, as his.

Matériaux pour cette étape :

Tôle en acier inoxydable - 304Tôle en acier inoxydable - 3041 pièce
Mastic siliconeMastic silicone1 pièce
Panneau de contreplaquéPanneau de contreplaqué1 pièce

Outils nécessaires :

Cisaille à tôleCisaille à tôle
ÉbavureurÉbavureur
Maillet en caoutchoucMaillet en caoutchouc
Serre-jointsSerre-joints
Scie à chantournerScie à chantourner
6

Hang the paddles and the vessel

Hang four paddles in each frame on M3 screws through the frame's sides, so they swing freely and lie against the stops one way. Set the two frames on the ledges inside the vessel, inclined opposite ways. Build a pine stand with two posts and hang the vessel on an M8 bolt through each end's boss, so it is nicely balanced.

Matériaux pour cette étape :

Vis à métauxVis à métaux1 pièce
Écrou hexagonalÉcrou hexagonal1 pièce
Planche de pinPlanche de pin1 pièce
Vis à bois #8 x 1"Vis à bois #8 x 1"1 pièce
Colle à boisColle à bois1 pièce

Outils nécessaires :

Scie égoïneScie égoïne
Perceuse sans filPerceuse sans fil
Jeu de foretsJeu de forets
Jeu de tournevisJeu de tournevis
Clé à moletteClé à molette
7

The patent drawing

US 3,460 drawing sheet, public domain (expired patent).
Étape 7 - Image 1
8

Rock and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour 500 ml through the middle opening. Rock the vessel steadily from side to side; time until the butter comes. Lift out the frames, then pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.

Matériaux pour cette étape :

Crème liquide entièreCrème liquide entière500 ml
Gros sel marinGros sel marin1 pièce
EauEau1 pièce

Outils nécessaires :

Thermomètre à sonde à demeureThermomètre à sonde à demeure
ChronomètreChronomètre
Balance de cuisine numériqueBalance de cuisine numérique
Grand cul-de-poule en acier inoxydableGrand cul-de-poule en acier inoxydable
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Paddles that stick, a vessel that tips

Ventilating paddle rocking churn troubleshooting.

Flow

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History and honest limits

**George W. Cook** of Schenectady, New York, received US 3,460, dated 28 February 1844. Blocks on the vessel's convex side met a cross bar of the frame to stop it canting too far; handles in its side rocked it; iron straps strengthened it; a plugged aperture drew off the milk; a button held the two frames in place. He claimed combining with a rocking churn "floats or paddles arranged in and hinged to a frame." **Honest limits.** Stainless sheet, plywood and printed parts stand in for his wooden vessel and frames. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.

Matériaux

12

Outils requis

15

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CC0 Domaine public

Ce blueprint est publié sous CC0. Vous êtes libre de copier, modifier, distribuer et utiliser ce travail pour tout usage, sans demander la permission.

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