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Hard Soap Boiled from Tallow and Soda Lye, Framed and Wire-Cut, Ure 1839
Hard soap is tallow boiled with caustic soda lye; potash would give soft soap. Andrew Ure (1839): run the lye through soda and quicklime, boil the tallow with weak lye, draw the spent lye off and boil again with stronger lye day by day, then ladle the soap into a frame and cut it with a brass wire into bars. Caustic lye burns skin and eyes: goggles and gloves.
The picture: a bar of hard soap.
Menengah
A week
Instruksi
1
1
Run the lye
Run the lye
Fit a barrel with a perforated false bottom covered by cloth and a tap beneath, like Ure's vats. Put in a layer of quicklime, then alternate layers of ground soda ash and lime. Pour on water and draw off the clear caustic lye. Make some weak (hydrometer about 1.040) and some strong (up to 1.160).
Material untuk langkah ini:
Natrium Karbonat (soda abu)2 kgAlat yang dibutuhkan:
Kapur tohor
Tong kayu
Kain (Penyaring)
Air
Hidrometer
Ember logam
Kacamata Pelindung Cipratan Kimia
Sarung tangan karet2
2
First boils
First boils
Melt the tallow in the cauldron, add weak lye and boil gently about 4 hours, stirring. Test on a knife blade: when the lye runs off the soapy paste at once, it has taken. Let it stand an hour and ladle off the spent lye beneath.
Material untuk langkah ini:
Lemak hewani5 kgAlat yang dibutuhkan:
Kuali besi tuang besar
Kayu Bakar
Pengaduk kayu bergagang
Pisau dapur
Sendok sayur
Neraca lengan
Kacamata Pelindung Cipratan Kimia
Sarung tangan karet3
3
Stronger lyes
Stronger lyes
Repeat with fresh lye, a little stronger each day, drawing the spent lye off each time, until the paste stays firm on cooling.
Alat yang dibutuhkan:
Kuali besi tuang besar
Kayu Bakar
Pengaduk kayu bergagang
Sendok sayur
Hidrometer
Kacamata Pelindung Cipratan Kimia
Sarung tangan karet4
4
Frame and cut
Frame and cut
Skim the pan and ladle the soap into a wooden frame. After two days take the frame off, cut the block into slabs with a brass wire, then the slabs into bars, and stand them to harden.
Alat yang dibutuhkan:
Sendok sayur
Cetakan sabun
Kawat kuningan halus
Pisau dapur
Sarung tangan karet5
5
Soap from your tallow
Soap from your tallow
Memuat notebook Jupyter…
Bahan
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- 5 kgPlaceholder
Alat yang Diperlukan
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