Samvinna
LIST
FEGURÐ OG VELLÍÐAN
HANDVERK
MENNING OG SAGA
SKEMMTUN
UMHVERFI
MATUR OG DRYKKUR
ÖFUGVERKFRÆÐI
VÍSINDI
ÍÞRÓTTIR
TÆKNI
KLÆÐANLEG TÆKNI
Sliding-Head Churn Drive: The Churn Rides on the Pulley Head and Stays in Line When the Belt Is Slacked
Joseph Forsyth of Wheeling, Virginia, received US 22,022, dated 9 November 1858, for working a churn by power from a big belt wheel. The pulley head slides along a guide block to tighten or slack the belt, which starts or stops the churn. The churn stands on a carriage fixed to the head, so its shaft stays in line with the pulley's. A platform on four screws raises or lowers different churns to the pulley's height.
This rung builds it full size with a hand-cranked wheel and a rope belt.
Miðlungs
About 2 days
Leiðbeiningar
1
1
Speed, rope and slack
Speed, rope and slack
Hleð Jupyter-vinnubók…
2
2
Churns worked by power, before it
Churns worked by power, before it
Brush worked a dasher from a dog's tread-wheel. Forsyth turns a crank churn by a belt and stops it by slacking the belt.
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3
Read US 22,022
Read US 22,022
"The nature of my invention consists, first, in combining the carriage D with the movable pulley head H H in such a manner that the said carriage will move with the head when it is required to stop or start the motion of the churn, thereby enabling me to keep the shafts of the pulley, and churn in line."
4
4
Wheel A and posts B
Wheel A and posts B
Cut a plywood disc 1160 mm across and two discs 1200 mm across from 18 mm plywood. Glue and screw a larger disc to each face of the smaller one: the gap between them is the rope groove C. Screw a 160 mm hub block on each side. Stand two 70 mm posts 730 mm tall on 900 mm sills, 150 mm apart, each with two braces. Bolt a flange bearing on each post's outer face, 700 mm up, and run a 30 mm shaft M through bearings, posts and wheel, cross-bolted to the hub.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Krossviðarplata3 stykki
Trélím1 stykki
Tréskrúfa #8 x 1"60 stykki
Mjúkviður 70x70 mm4 stykki
Tréskrúfa nr. 10 x 3"24 stykki
Flansalega2 stykki
Stálöxull 30 mm1 stykki
Sexkantboltasett M105 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Stingsög
Handsög
Hleðslubor
Borasett
Spaðabora-sett
Þvingur
Skiptilykill
Hallamál
Málband5
5
Crank
Crank
How the wheel is turned is not given; ours has a crank. Bolt a hardwood arm 350 x 70 x 30 mm on shaft M outside one bearing and glue a 30 mm dowel 150 mm long into it 280 mm from the shaft as the handle.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Harðviðarborð1 stykki
Harðviðartappar1 stykkiTrélím1 stykkiSexkantboltasett M101 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
HandsögHleðsluborSpaðabora-sett
SandpappírSkiptilykill6
6
Guide block and pulley head
Guide block and pulley head
Screw a 900 mm guide block U of 70 mm timber to the floor in line with the wheel, 1300 mm from shaft M. Lay a 400 mm head block on it. Cut two frames H from 50 x 8 mm flat bar, 420 mm long, and bolt them to the head block's sides so their ends run down the guide block's sides. Bolt a flange bearing on each frame's outer face 400 mm up. Make the pulley O like the wheel: a 200 mm disc between two 240 mm rings. Fit it on a 30 mm shaft through the bearings.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Mjúkviður 70x70 mm2 stykkiTréskrúfa nr. 10 x 3"8 stykki
Flatstál úr mjúku stáli2 stykkiSexkantboltasett M104 stykkiFlansalega2 stykkiStálöxull 30 mm1 stykkiKrossviðarplata1 stykkiTrélím1 stykkiTréskrúfa #8 x 1"12 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Járnsög
Þjalir (handþjöl)
SkrúfstykkiHleðsluborBorasettStingsögSkiptilykill7
7
Strap F and thumb screw E
Strap F and thumb screw E
Bend a 30 x 5 mm flat bar into a bridge over the head block, 80 mm from the frames, and screw its legs to the guide block's sides. Drill its top for an M8 rod, run a nut onto the rod under the strap, and lock a wing nut on top as the thumb screw. Turn it down to clamp the head block.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Flatstál úr mjúku stáli1 stykkiTréskrúfa #8 x 1"4 stykki
Gengjustöng1 stykki
Sexkantró2 stykki
Vængjahneta1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
SkrúfstykkiJárnsögHleðsluborBorasett8
8
Carriage D and platform K
Carriage D and platform K
Bolt two 70 mm side bars, 865 mm long, to the head block's side, 330 mm apart, and join their far ends with a cross tie with a caster under its middle as the roller. Drill each bar twice for M12 rods (screws I), 360 mm apart; fix each rod with a nut above and below the bar. Run a nut down each rod, lay an 18 mm plywood platform 430 x 440 mm on them, and lock it with a second nut on top.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Mjúkviður 70x70 mm2 stykkiSexkantboltasett M104 stykki
Hjólasett (snúningshjól)1 stykkiGengjustöng4 stykkiSexkantró16 stykki
Flöt skinna8 stykkiKrossviðarplata1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
HandsögHleðsluborBorasettSkiptilykillHallamál9
9
Arm X and the rope belt
Arm X and the rope belt
Bolt a 140 mm flat-bar arm X with a 20 mm slot to a collar on the pulley shaft's end. Stand a crank churn on the platform and raise or lower the platform's nuts until its crank shaft is level with the pulley shaft and its handle V sits in the slot. Splice 12 mm cotton rope into a loop about 5 m long round both grooves (see the notebook), with the head slid towards the wheel.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Flatstál úr mjúku stáli1 stykkiSexkantboltasett M101 stykki
Læsiró með nælonhring1 stykki
Bómullarkaðall6 mNauðsynleg verkfæri:
JárnsögÞjalir (handþjöl)HleðsluborBorasettSkiptilykillMálband10
10
The build in 3D
The build in 3D
FreeCAD model of this build: the wheel on its posts with the crank, the guide block, pulley head, strap and thumb screw, the carriage with its caster, platform K on its four screws, a stand-in churn and arm X. The rope is not drawn.
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11
Churn
Churn
Pour about 10 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C into the churn. Slide the head away from the wheel until the rope is tight and clamp it with the thumb screw. Turn the wheel steadily, about 10 times a minute, and time it. To stop, loosen the thumb screw and slide the head towards the wheel: the carriage and churn move with it. When the butter comes, pour off the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Rjómi10 l
Gróft sjávarsalt1 stykki
Vatn1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Strokkur
Hitamælir með nema sem situr í
Skeiðklukka
Stafræn eldhúsvog
Stór hrærskál úr ryðfríu stáli12
12
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Churn drive troubleshooting.
Flow
Loading...
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13
History and honest limits
History and honest limits
**Joseph Forsyth** of Wheeling, Ohio County, Virginia (now West Virginia), US 22,022, 9 November 1858, "Operating Churns". He claimed the carriage D combined with the movable platform K. He gave no sizes, named only the "metallic" frames H, and did not say what turns wheel A or what the belt is: our hand crank, plywood wheel and pulley, cotton rope, timber, bearings, rods and caster are ours.
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Hönnunarskrár
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