LIST
FEGURÐ OG VELLÍÐAN
HANDVERK
MENNING OG SAGA
SKEMMTUN
UMHVERFI
MATUR OG DRYKKUR
ÖFUGVERKFRÆÐI
VÍSINDI
ÍÞRÓTTIR
TÆKNI
KLÆÐANLEG TÆKNI
Glass Hydrometer: Blown, Weighted with Shot, Calibrated in Known Liquids
A hydrometer is a glass float with a thin stem: it sinks deeper in light liquids and rides higher in dense ones, so a scale on the stem reads specific gravity. Baumé fixed his scale at two points, pure water and 15 % brine (Ure, 1839); here the scale is marked in sugar solutions of known strength, giving degrees Brix, and in liquids weighed for their specific gravity.
The picture: an old glass hydrometer with a paper scale inside its stem and a ballast bulb below.
Lengra kominn
A day
Leiðbeiningar
1
1
Blow the float
Blow the float
On a tube, blow an elongated bulb, then a small second bulb below it for ballast, and draw the tube above into a thin, even stem.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Glerrörasett1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Glerblástursbrennari fyrir borð
Öryggisgleraugu
Hitaþolnir hanskar2
2
Ballast and scale paper
Ballast and scale paper
Drop small lead shot into the lower bulb until the float stands upright in water with most of the stem out. Slide a paper strip into the stem.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Blýstöng50 g
Pappír1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Skálavog3
3
Seal the top
Seal the top
Heat the top of the stem and draw it closed. Check that it floats upright and does not leak.
Nauðsynleg verkfæri:
Glerblástursbrennari fyrir borðÖryggisgleraugu4
4
Mark the water point
Mark the water point
Float it in water at room temperature in the cylinder and mark where the surface cuts the stem: specific gravity 1.000 and 0 °Brix.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Vatn1 lítriNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Mæliglas
Hitamælir
Demantsrissnál5
5
Mark the other points
Mark the other points
Make sugar solutions by weight (see the notebook) and salt brines; float the hydrometer in each and mark the stem. Weigh 100 mL of each liquid to write its specific gravity beside the mark. Copy the marks onto the paper strip in ink and reseal if you opened it.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Hvítur sykur0.3 kg
Salt0.3 kgVatn2 lítrar
Járngallblek2 mlNauðsynleg verkfæri:
SkálavogMæliglas
Fjaðurpenni6
6
Calibration liquids
Calibration liquids
Hleð Jupyter-vinnubók…
7
7
Limits
Limits
Ure's two-point Baumé principle and the Brix definition are sourced; the bulb form, shot ballast and weighing method are ours. Read at the temperature you calibrated at; this hydrometer has no potential-alcohol scale.
Efni
7- 1 stykkiStaðgengill
- 50 gStaðgengill
- 1 stykkiStaðgengill
- 3 lítrarStaðgengill
- 0.3 kgStaðgengill
- 0.3 kgStaðgengill
- 2 mlStaðgengill
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