Samvinna
LIST
FEGURÐ OG VELLÍÐAN
HANDVERK
MENNING OG SAGA
SKEMMTUN
UMHVERFI
MATUR OG DRYKKUR
ÖFUGVERKFRÆÐI
VÍSINDI
ÍÞRÓTTIR
TÆKNI
KLÆÐANLEG TÆKNI
Four-Crank Gyrating Churn: Four Cranks Carry the Tub Round a Small Circle With No Dasher
Alfred Guthrie of Chicago received US 24,907, dated 26 July 1859, for a churn with no dasher at all. Four upright shafts in a frame have cranks on their tops, and a bed plate lies over the four crank pins, so each crank turns on its own centre but all move together. The tub stands on the plate, held by stirrups, and is carried round a small circle, throwing the cream against its sides. A handle turns one crank shaft through cogged gearing.
This rung builds it at the patent's own sizes: a frame about two feet square and one foot high, shafts of 3/4 inch iron and 3 inch cranks.
Miðlungs
About 2 days, plus printing
Leiðbeiningar
1
1
How hard the cream is swung
How hard the cream is swung
Hleð Jupyter-vinnubók…
2
2
A churn with a dasher, before it
A churn with a dasher, before it
Wineman's dasher drove the cream through holes. Guthrie did away with the dasher and moved the whole tub.
3
3
Read US 24,907
Read US 24,907
"I connect the whole together by the bed plate D over the wrists of each crank E, E, E, E. Each crank will revolve upon its own center but will each correspond to the motion of the other."
4
4
Print the wheel H
Print the wheel H
The 64-tooth spur wheel (module 3, 198 mm across) for the handle shaft I, with a 20 mm bore. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 50 % infill, 5 walls.
5
5
Print the pinion H
Print the pinion H
The 24-tooth spur pinion for the driven crank shaft, with a 19 mm bore and a hub. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 50 % infill, 5 walls.
6
6
Frame and bearing bars
Frame and bearing bars
Build a pine frame 610 mm square and 305 mm high: four 50 mm corner posts, and 50 mm rails round the top and the bottom. Fit two hardwood bars across it, top and bottom, 150 mm in front of and behind the middle, and bore them 19.6 mm square to the frame at 200 mm either side of the middle, for the four shafts. Screw two hardwood brackets to the right side, top and bottom, bored 20.6 mm 132 mm out from the front right shaft, for the handle shaft.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Furuborð2 stykki
Mjúkviður 70x70 mm2 stykki
Harðviðarborð2 stykki
Tréskrúfa nr. 10 x 3"24 stykki
Trélím1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Handsög
Hleðslubor
Spaðabora-sett
Fastur vinkill
Hallamál
Málband7
7
Shafts, cranks and plate D
Shafts, cranks and plate D
Cut four 19 mm steel shafts 323 mm long and stand them in the bars. Make four hardwood crank arms, 76 mm from the shaft to the crank pin, and pin them on the shafts' tops all pointing the same way. Fit a 19 mm steel crank pin 50 mm long in each. Cut plate D 532 mm across from plywood, bore it for the four pins exactly where they stand, and drop it on them. Turn one crank by hand: the plate must run round freely without turning.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Hrástálsstöng2 stykkiHarðviðarborð1 stykki
Krossviðarplata1 stykki
Flöt skinna8 stykki
Sexkantboltaúrval4 stykki
Læsiró með nælonhring4 stykkiTrélím1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Járnsög
Þjalir (handþjöl)
SkrúfstykkiHleðslubor
Borasett
StingsögMálband
Skiptilykill8
8
Gearing H and handle I
Gearing H and handle I
Pin the pinion on the front right shaft 140 mm up. Stand a 20 mm steel shaft 885 mm long in the brackets, pin the wheel on it level with the pinion, and check they mesh fully. Fix a hardwood handle arm 150 mm long on the shaft's top with a dowel grip.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
PETG-þráður1 stykkiHrástálsstöng1 stykkiHarðviðarborð1 stykki
Harðviðartappar1 stykkiTrélím1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
FDM-þrívíddarprentariJárnsögHleðsluborBorasett9
9
Tub F on its grooved bottom
Tub F on its grooved bottom
Glue a plywood ring to the plate's middle, 282 mm inside and 340 mm outside, so the bucket's foot sits in it. Bend two flat-bar stirrups to go up the bucket's sides and over its lid, notch the ring for them and bolt them to the plate.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Krossviðarplata1 stykkiTrélím1 stykki
Flatstál úr mjúku stáli2 stykkiSexkantboltaúrval4 stykkiLæsiró með nælonhring4 stykki
20 lítra fata1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
StingsögSkrúfstykkiJárnsögHleðsluborBorasettSkiptilykill10
10
The build in 3D
The build in 3D
FreeCAD model of this build: the frame with its bearing bars, the four shafts and cranks, plate D on the crank pins, the bucket in its ring under two stirrups, and the spur wheel on the handle shaft driving the pinion. It was checked at eight crank angles.
11
11
Churn
Churn
Pour about 8 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C into the bucket, checked with the thermometer, put the lid on and tighten the stirrups. Turn the handle steadily and time it. When the butter comes, lift the bucket off, pour off the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.
Efni fyrir þetta skref:
Rjómi8 l
Gróft sjávarsalt1 stykki
Vatn1 stykkiNauðsynleg verkfæri:
Hitamælir með nema sem situr í
Skeiðklukka
Stafræn eldhúsvog
Stór hrærskál úr ryðfríu stáli12
12
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Four-crank churn troubleshooting.
Flow
Loading...
13
13
History and honest limits
History and honest limits
**Alfred Guthrie** of Chicago, Illinois, assignor to Wardell Guthrie, US 24,907, 26 July 1859, "Churn". He claimed the cranks C connected by the plate D. His sizes are kept: a frame about two feet square and one foot high, shafts of 3/4 inch iron about a foot long, and cranks of 3 inches, which we read from "about a six inch throw or three inches" and Fig. 3's "3 in" marks. He gives no gear sizes; ours are printed spur gears placed as his Figs. 2-3 draw them. Every other size is ours.
Efni
17- 2 stykkiStaðgengill
- 2 stykkiStaðgengill
- 2 stykkiStaðgengill
- 24 stykkiStaðgengill
- 4 stykkiStaðgengill
- 2 stykkiStaðgengill
- 1 stykkiStaðgengill
- 8 stykkiStaðgengill
- 8 stykkiStaðgengill
- 8 stykkiStaðgengill
- 1 stykkiStaðgengill
- 1 stykkiStaðgengill
- 2 stykkiStaðgengill
- 1 stykkiStaðgengill
- 8 lStaðgengill
- 1 stykkiStaðgengill
- 1 stykkiStaðgengill
Nauðsynleg verkfæri
17- Staðgengill
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- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
- Staðgengill
Hönnunarskrár
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