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Star-Dasher Crank Churn: Geared Crank and Flywheel Drive Two Notched Dashers Set Point Over Gap
L. Lake (USPTO drawing) · Public domain
Martin

Creato da

Martin

9. novembre 2026NO
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Star-Dasher Crank Churn: Geared Crank and Flywheel Drive Two Notched Dashers Set Point Over Gap

Lorenzo Lake of Middlebury, Pennsylvania, received US 24,845, dated 19 July 1859, for an upright dash churn worked by gearing so that a child could churn even a very large churn. A handle turns a large wheel driving a wheel half its size on a crank shaft with a balance wheel; the crank's pitman works the staff up and down through a guide. The staff carries two dashers of boards with V-shaped slots in their ends, set so the points of one lie over the gaps of the other, cutting the cream as it escapes going down and up and dashing it against the sides. This rung builds it with printed gears over a 20-litre bucket.
Intermedio
About 2 days, plus printing

Istruzioni

1

Strokes per turn of the handle

Caricamento del notebook Jupyter…
2

A crank and pitman working the staff, before it

Dorsey's pitman also turned the staff. Lake's only lifts it, through gearing and a balance wheel for speed.
3

Read US 24,845

"... these dashers are so placed upon the staff that the sharpened ends of the boards thus cut, will cover the spaces left between the boards in the dasher immediately above or below—so that when operated in the churn the cream will be more thoroughly cut and the globules will be more easily and speedily broken."
4

Print the wheel E

The 40-tooth wheel for the handle's shaft. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 50 % infill, 5 walls.
File di designSTLCC0 - Free
Scarica modello
5

Print the wheel F

The 20-tooth wheel for the crank shaft. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 50 % infill, 5 walls.
File di designSTLCC0 - Free
Scarica modello
6

Platform, upright and frame

Screw a pine platform C 500 x 550 mm. Stand a 70 mm upright C' 990 mm tall at its back, braced. Screw a hardwood beam 130 x 255 x 40 mm out from the upright's top toward the front, and hang three hardwood blocks from it, each bored 20.5 mm 900 mm above the floor: two either side of the crank, 90 mm apart, for shaft G, and one 90 mm to the side for wheel E's shaft. Screw a hardwood guide arm I from the upright to over the bucket 430 mm up, with a 26 mm square hole.

Materiali per questo passaggio:

Tavola di pinoTavola di pino2 pezzi
Legno tenero 70x70 mmLegno tenero 70x70 mm2 pezzi
Tavola di legno duroTavola di legno duro2 pezzi
Vite da legno n. 10 x 3"Vite da legno n. 10 x 3"20 pezzi
Colla da legnoColla da legno1 pezzo

Strumenti necessari:

Sega a manoSega a mano
Trapano a batteriaTrapano a batteria
Set di punte a lanciaSet di punte a lancia
ScalpelliScalpelli
Livella a bollaLivella a bolla
Metro a nastroMetro a nastro
7

Crank shaft G, wheels and handle

Make the crank from two hardwood webs 30 x 10 mm, a 12 mm stainless pin 50 mm off the axis between them, and two 20 mm steel stubs, one each side, run through the hanging blocks. Fix wheel F on the rear stub and a plywood balance wheel B 300 mm across, with spokes, on the front stub. Run a 20 mm steel shaft through the third block with wheel E meshing with F, and a hardwood handle M 57 mm long with a dowel grip on its end.

Materiali per questo passaggio:

Tavola di legno duroTavola di legno duro1 pezzo
Barra di acciaio inossidabileBarra di acciaio inossidabile1 pezzo
Barra di acciaio grezzaBarra di acciaio grezza2 pezzi
Filamento PETGFilamento PETG1 pezzo
Pannello di compensatoPannello di compensato1 pezzo
Tasselli di legno duroTasselli di legno duro1 pezzo
Colla da legnoColla da legno1 pezzo
Assortimento di bulloni a testa esagonaleAssortimento di bulloni a testa esagonale4 pezzi
Dado autobloccante con inserto in nylonDado autobloccante con inserto in nylon4 pezzi

Strumenti necessari:

Stampante 3D a filamento (FDM)Stampante 3D a filamento (FDM)
Seghetto alternativoSeghetto alternativo
Seghetto per metalliSeghetto per metalli
Trapano a batteriaTrapano a batteria
Serie di punte da trapanoSerie di punte da trapano
Lime (lima a mano)Lime (lima a mano)
Chiave regolabile a rullinoChiave regolabile a rullino
8

Staff, dashers and pitman

Cut two plywood dashers L, each a 16-point star 250 mm across with its notches 20 mm deep, and a 25 mm square hole in the middle. Glue them on a 25 mm square hardwood staff D 150 mm apart, the upper turned half a point from the lower. Cut a hardwood pitman H 300 mm between centres with a fork at its foot; fit a hardwood thimble J on the staff's top and push an 8 mm stainless rod a through the fork, thimble and staff. Put the staff through the guide and the bucket's lid and set the lower dasher 25 mm off the floor at the bottom of the stroke.

Materiali per questo passaggio:

Pannello di compensatoPannello di compensato1 pezzo
Tavola di legno duroTavola di legno duro2 pezzi
Colla da legnoColla da legno1 pezzo
Barra di acciaio inossidabileBarra di acciaio inossidabile1 pezzo
Rondella pianaRondella piana2 pezzi
Secchio da 20 litriSecchio da 20 litri1 pezzo

Strumenti necessari:

Seghetto alternativoSeghetto alternativo
Sega a manoSega a mano
ScalpelliScalpelli
Trapano a batteriaTrapano a batteria
Serie di punte da trapanoSerie di punte da trapano
Carta abrasivaCarta abrasiva
9

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, half the bucket cut away: the platform and upright, the beam with its hanging blocks, the split crank shaft with balance wheel and wheel F, wheel E and handle M, the forked pitman and thimble, the staff through its guide, and the two star dashers. It was checked at eight crank angles.
File di designBLENDCC0 - Free
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10

Churn

Pour about 10 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C into the bucket, checked with the thermometer, and put the lid on round the staff. Turn the handle steadily and time it. When the butter comes, pull pin a, lift the staff out, pour off the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.

Materiali per questo passaggio:

Panna da montarePanna da montare10 l
Sale marino grossoSale marino grosso1 pezzo
AcquaAcqua1 pezzo

Strumenti necessari:

Termometro a sonda permanenteTermometro a sonda permanente
CronometroCronometro
Bilancia digitale da cucinaBilancia digitale da cucina
Grande ciotola da impasto in acciaio inossidabileGrande ciotola da impasto in acciaio inossidabile
11

Troubleshooting

Star-dasher churn troubleshooting.

Flow

Loading...
12

History and honest limits

**Lorenzo Lake** of Middlebury, Tioga County, Pennsylvania, assignor to himself and William Patton of Towanda, US 24,845, 19 July 1859, "Churn". He claimed the dasher L worked by the devices described, not the gearing as such. His only proportion is wheel F about half wheel E. His dashers are boards with V-slotted ends; ours are plywood stars cut to the same pattern. Every size is ours.

Materiali

17

Strumenti richiesti

17

File di progetto

3

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