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Reverberatory Furnace: the Air Furnace for Melting Cast Iron (Bolland, 1893)
An air furnace melts iron apart from the fuel: coal burns on a grate at one end, and the flame is thrown down from a low arched roof onto the iron on the bed, then leaves by a tall chimney. The iron stays cleaner than in a cupola, so founders used it for guns, rolls, heavy scrap and lumps too big for the cupola.
This furnace is 30 ft 6 in long and 7 ft wide outside, 5 ft wide inside, cased in bolted wrought-iron plates.
Source: S. Bolland, The Iron Founder Supplement (1893), pp. 55-67. Unknown: brick sizes, plate thickness. Picture: Fig. 14 of the book.
Esperto
Unknown
Istruzioni
1
1
Lay the foundation
Lay the foundation
Build the foundation solid of common material up to the firebrick, shaped so the firebrick bed slopes down from the chimney end to the reservoir. Keep the bricks from B to C 6 in below the finished bottom, to leave room for the sand bed.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Mattone1 foundationStrumenti necessari:
Cazzuola
Dimensioni sconosciute2
2
Build the fireplace, bridge and roof
Build the fireplace, bridge and roof
Build the fireplace the full width of the furnace (5 ft inside, grate 5 ft long). Set the bridge wall at least 2 ft 3 in from the face of the grate bars. Build bridge, sides, roof and fireplace of the most refractory firebrick. Arch the roof the whole length, low, so it throws the flame down onto the bed; fill above the arches with common material. Leave the side charging hole (5 x 4 ft), the top hole (furnace width x 6 ft), the puddling hole over the reservoir, a sight hole and the tap hole.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Mattoni refrattari1 lining, bridge, roof
Malta di argilla refrattaria1 settingMattone1 filling above the arch
Metallo sconosciuto1 grate barsStrumenti necessari:
Cazzuola3
3
Case it in plates and bolt it
Case it in plates and bolt it
Case the whole structure in wrought-iron plates, held at the corners with angle-irons. Run eight chief anchor bolts from side to side, clear of all working parts. Join everything with bolts, not rivets, so any plate can come off for repairs. Line the charging doors with firebrick.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Lastra di ferro1 casing, doors
Tondino di ferro battuto8 anchor boltsMetallo sconosciuto1 angle-irons, door framesMattoni refrattari1 door liningsStrumenti necessari:
Dimensioni sconosciute4
4
Build the chimney
Build the chimney
Build the chimney square, 30 to 40 ft high, with an inside course of firebrick (Fig. 14: 2 ft 6 in square inside). Make its area a little larger than the fireplace. Put a damper on top that can be worked from the bottom: it alone sets the draught. It can stand apart on a sole plate on four columns.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Mattoni refrattari1 inside courseMattone1 chimneyMetallo sconosciuto1 damperStrumenti necessari:
Cazzuola5
5
Make the sand bottom
Make the sand bottom
Make the bottom from B round the reservoir to C with 8 parts fire-sand to 1 of clay and 1 of ground coke. Fire it well for one to two hours before the first charge; it should last ten heats. Fill the tap hole with fire-sand and a little coal dust, which will not cake when hot.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Sabbia8 parts
Argilla1 part
Coke metallurgico1 part, groundStrumenti necessari:
Carbone bituminoso6
6
Charge and melt
Charge and melt
Fire with soft, non-caking bituminous coal and keep a full grate; clinker quickly and leave no holes for cold air. Charge all the iron at the start: first layer of pigs lengthwise and a little apart, next layers across, open so the flame passes. Set heavy pieces on firebricks so the flame plays all round them. Through the puddling hole, dip test pieces and skim the iron clean. To blend two grades, thrust green saplings into the melt. Close the damper before tapping. Look the furnace over after every heat.
Strumenti necessari:
Carbone bituminoso
Pani di ghisa greggia
Pollone di legno duro
Schiumarola forataMateriali
9- 1 chimneySegnaposto
- 1 inside courseSegnaposto
- 1 settingSegnaposto
- 1 damperSegnaposto
- 1 casing, doorsSegnaposto
- 8 anchor boltsSegnaposto
- 8 partsSegnaposto
- 1 partSegnaposto
- 1 part, groundSegnaposto
Materiali dei progetti collegati
10% Attribuzione
Fireclay Firebricks
di Clay
Ceramica e argilla
39
0
0
0
4
0
10% Attribuzione
Cupola Furnace: the Common Foundry Cupola with a Drop Bottom (Bolland, 1893)
di Forge
Forno
4
0
0
0
1
0
10% Attribuzione
Making Coke from Coal — The Smokeless Fuel That Forged the Industrial Revolution
di Gimli
Lavorazione dei metalli
73
0
0
0
4
0
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