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Hard Soap Boiled from Tallow and Soda Lye, Framed and Wire-Cut, Ure 1839

Malene Thyssen, simplified by HLHJ (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY 2.5

作成者

Charlie

14. 10月 2026

Hard Soap Boiled from Tallow and Soda Lye, Framed and Wire-Cut, Ure 1839

Hard soap is tallow boiled with caustic soda lye; potash would give soft soap. Andrew Ure (1839): run the lye through soda and quicklime, boil the tallow with weak lye, draw the spent lye off and boil again with stronger lye day by day, then ladle the soap into a frame and cut it with a brass wire into bars. Caustic lye burns skin and eyes: goggles and gloves. The picture: a bar of hard soap.

中級者

A week

手順

Run the lye

Fit a barrel with a perforated false bottom covered by cloth and a tap beneath, like Ure's vats. Put in a layer of quicklime, then alternate layers of ground soda ash and lime. Pour on water and draw off the clear caustic lye. Make some weak (hydrometer about 1.040) and some strong (up to 1.160).

このステップの材料:

炭酸ナトリウム（ソーダ灰）2 kg

必要な工具:

生石灰

木樽

布（漉し用）

水

比重計

金属バケツ

化学薬品飛沫用ゴーグル

ゴム手袋

First boils

Melt the tallow in the cauldron, add weak lye and boil gently about 4 hours, stirring. Test on a knife blade: when the lye runs off the soapy paste at once, it has taken. Let it stand an hour and ladle off the spent lye beneath.

このステップの材料:

獣脂5 kg

必要な工具:

大きな鋳鉄の釜

薪

木のかい

包丁

お玉

天秤ばかり

化学薬品飛沫用ゴーグル

ゴム手袋

Stronger lyes

Repeat with fresh lye, a little stronger each day, drawing the spent lye off each time, until the paste stays firm on cooling.

必要な工具:

大きな鋳鉄の釜

薪

木のかい

お玉

比重計

化学薬品飛沫用ゴーグル

ゴム手袋

Frame and cut

Skim the pan and ladle the soap into a wooden frame. After two days take the frame off, cut the block into slabs with a brass wire, then the slabs into bars, and stand them to harden.

必要な工具:

お玉