SANAA
UREMBO NA USTAWI
UJANJA
UTAMADUNI NA HISTORIA
BURUDANI
MAZINGIRA
CHAKULA NA VINYWAJI
UHANDISI WA KINYUME
SAYANSI
MICHEZO
TEKNOLOJIA
VAZI
Acetone by Dry Distillation of Acetate of Lime
Before the cumene process, acetone was made from "acetate of lime", calcium acetate. Limestone (calcium carbonate) soaked in vinegar gives calcium acetate; when the dry salt is heated it breaks down into calcium carbonate and acetone: Ca(CH₃COO)₂ → CaCO₃ + (CH₃)₂CO. Charles Friedel reported this dry distillation in 1858, and until World War I it was the main commercial way to make acetone. The calcium carbonate is left behind in the retort and the acetone distils over.
Kati
2–3 days
Maagizo
1
1
Make calcium acetate
Make calcium acetate
Soak crushed limestone in vinegar. The acetic acid dissolves the calcium carbonate as calcium acetate.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Kabonati ya Kalsiamu - Chokaa Iliyopondwa1 as required
Siki1 as requiredZana zinazohitajika:
Tangi la mashapo2
2
Dry the salt
Dry the salt
Draw off the solution and evaporate the water to leave dry calcium acetate.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Kivukizi3
3
Dry-distil
Dry-distil
Heat the dry calcium acetate in a closed retort. It decomposes into calcium carbonate, which stays behind, and acetone, which comes off as vapour; condense it.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Chombo cha kuchemshia cha chuma
Koili ya kifidishajiVifaa
2- 1 as requiredKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 as requiredKishikilia Nafasi
Zana Zinazohitajika
4- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
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