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Adjustable-Pin Resistance Churn: Flat-Ended Pins Turned From Outside Set the Churn's Grip
Ezekiel Gore, Bennington, Vermont · Public domain (expired patent)
Martin

Imeundwa na

Martin

6. Oktoba 2026NO
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Adjustable-Pin Resistance Churn: Flat-Ended Pins Turned From Outside Set the Churn's Grip

Gore let the maker set, from outside, how hard the cream is worked. Ezekiel Gore of Bennington, Vermont, received US 12,127, dated 2 January 1855, for a churn whose sides are pierced for "a series of adjustable pins, flattened at their inner extremities, which may be turned by the hand from the exterior of the churn, so as to present a greater or less surface of resistance to the cream." Thick cream gets the pins' edges, thin cream their sides; short ribs on the sides add agitation, and floats on the spindle sweep close past them. He wrote that the pins let the time of churning "be regulated to suit the pleasure of the operator." This rung compares the pins' areas, then prints the pins, bushings, floats, ribs and step, builds the churn, and makes butter.
Kati
About 4 hours, plus printing

Maagizo

1

Edge or side

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2

Fixed breakers set for the job, before it

The embedded blueprint lifts its breakers to gather the butter. Gore turns pins from outside to set how much the cream is resisted.
3

Read US 12,127

"It is manifest that the resisting surface exposed to the moving mass of cream within the churn, will be greater or less according as the flattened ends of the pins D are turned edge wise or side wise. When the cream is thick the pins are turned so that only their edges will oppose the cream. When the latter is thin, then their sides are presented."
4

Print the parts

Print eight pins with their flat blades and thumb balls, eight flanged bushings, two float hubs, eight ribs and the step. Print the pins on their side. Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Uzi wa PETGUzi wa PETG1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
5

Print the pin

The pin, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
6

Print the bushing

The bushing, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
7

Print the float hub

The float hub, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
8

Print the rib

The rib, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
9

Print the step

The step, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
10

Case and pins

Use a square food-grade container about 180 mm across and 200 mm deep. Drill 14 mm holes two to a side at two heights, offset from the floats' levels. Seat a bushing in each hole from inside with a leather washer under its flange and food-safe silicone round it. Push a pin through each from inside so its blade stands in the churn and its ball outside; a second leather washer pushed on outside gives the friction that holds its setting.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Chombo cha kuhifadhi cha daraja la chakulaChombo cha kuhifadhi cha daraja la chakula1 kipande
Ukanda wa ngoziUkanda wa ngozi1 kipande
Kizibo cha SilikoniKizibo cha Silikoni1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya misumeno ya duaraSeti ya misumeno ya duara
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)
11

Ribs, spindle, floats and cover

Seal the ribs upright to the walls between the pins with food-safe silicone. Stand the step in the bottom, a 10 mm square hardwood spindle in it, and slide the two float hubs on at levels that pass just above and below the pins. Cut the lid in half, fix one half with a hole for the spindle, and glue a crank arm and dowel handle on top.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kizibo cha SilikoniKizibo cha Silikoni1 kipande
Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande
Ubao wa msonobariUbao wa msonobari1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mkonoMsumeno wa mkono
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
12

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, not of the patent: the square case cut away to show the spindle with two float hubs, the flat-ended pins at two levels with their thumb balls outside, and the ribs on the walls.
Faili ya UsanifuBLENDCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
13

Set the pins and churn

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 2 litres. Turn the pins side-on for thin cream or edge-on for thick, and crank steadily; time until the butter comes. Turn the pins edge-on and crank slowly to gather it. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.
Hatua 13 - Image 1

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Malai nzitoMalai nzito2000 ml
Chumvi ya Bahari MbichiChumvi ya Bahari Mbichi1 kipande
MajiMaji1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndaniKipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndani
Saa ya kupima mudaSaa ya kupima muda
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoniMizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Bakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha puaBakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha pua
14

Pins that turn themselves, a case that drips

Adjustable-pin churn troubleshooting.

Flow

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15

History and honest limits

**Ezekiel Gore** of Bennington, Vermont, received US 12,127, dated 2 January 1855 (the drawing sheet reads "E. Gore"). The specification names the spindle B and the floats C, then says the floats are attached "to the spindle C"; the spindle is meant. He said no particular novelty was claimed for the floats, and noted that some held butter made very quickly to be of poorer quality. He claimed making the pins with flat inner ends, turned right or left to present a large or small resisting surface. **Honest limits.** A container, leather washers and printed parts stand in for his case; the notebook compares areas, not measured forces. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.

Vifaa

10

Zana Zinazohitajika

10

Faili za muundo

6

Mchoro huu unatengeneza

Thumbnail
Kishikilia nafasi

Chombo cha kusukia siagi

Free

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Blueprint zinazohusiana

Blueprint hizi zinashiriki maarifa — mbinu, vifaa au kanuni

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