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Carbon as Pure Graphite: Coke and Sand Heated round a Coke Core in an Electric Furnace (Acheson, US 568,323)
Edward G. Acheson · Public domain (US patent drawing)
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1. Novemba 2026DE
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Carbon as Pure Graphite: Coke and Sand Heated round a Coke Core in an Electric Furnace (Acheson, US 568,323)

Acheson found that carbon heated on its own hardly turns to graphite, but carbon first bound to silicon does. Coke and sand packed round a coke core form silicon carbide when the current heats the core; hotter still, the silicon boils away and the carbon is left as pure graphite, which grows outward as the core. Result: pure carbon in its graphite form, sorted like native graphite. Source: E. G. Acheson, US patent 568,323 (1896), pp. 1-3 and drawing (shown above). The furnace runs at hundreds of volts and up to 1000 amperes.
Juu
2 days

Maagizo

1

Mix the charge

Grind and mix powdered coke, sand, salt and sawdust thoroughly, the coke about half the weight (50 parts coke to 50 parts silica and other materials).

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kokoo ya kutengeneza chumaKokoo ya kutengeneza chuma50 parts

Zana zinazohitajika:

MchangaMchanga
Kloridi ya sodiamu (chumvi)Kloridi ya sodiamu (chumvi)
Vumbi la msumenoVumbi la msumeno
Kinu na mchiKinu na mchi
2

Build the furnace

Build a furnace of firebrick with carbon electrodes through the two end walls. Lay a core of granular coke between the electrodes (Acheson's was 7 ft long by 4 in wide) and pack the mixture all round it.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kokoo ya kutengeneza chumaKokoo ya kutengeneza chuma1 granular, for the core

Zana zinazohitajika:

Matofali yanayostahimili motoMatofali yanayostahimili moto
Elektrodi ya grafitiElektrodi ya grafiti
3

Run the current

Turn on the current, at first about 650 V and 50 A. The core heats, and silicon carbide forms round it; as the heat rises further the carbide breaks up, silicon goes off as vapour and graphite is left, carrying more current. Near the end it is about 100 V and 1000 A. Stop before the graphite reaches the walls. Ours: a step-down transformer as the supply.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Transfoma ya Kushusha VoltejiTransfoma ya Kushusha Volteji
Elektrodi ya grafitiElektrodi ya grafiti
4

Take out the graphite

When cool, separate the graphite from the core and the unchanged mixture, and grade it like native graphite.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kinu na mchiKinu na mchi

Vifaa

1

Zana Zinazohitajika

7

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