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Carbon Resistance Ring: Laminated Paper Gelled with 15% Tung Oil, Graphite-Shellac Track
L. E. Lawrence and R. O. Lewis · Public domain (expired patent)
Ed

Imeundwa na

Ed

21. Oktoba 2026FI
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Carbon Resistance Ring: Laminated Paper Gelled with 15% Tung Oil, Graphite-Shellac Track

Mallory's quiet volume-control ring (US 2,144,925, 1939). Hard bases were noisy and soft paper ones changed with damp. Their answer: paper rings soaked in 15 % raw tung oil and baked, so the oil gels inside the paper. It shuts out moisture but stays soft and springy, and the wiper runs on it quietly. A graphite paint makes the track, silver paint the ends. The picture: the patent's drawing (Fig. 3).
Kati
1 day

Maagizo

1

Punch rings from three-ply paper

The base is three papers stuck into one sheet: litho paper at the back, newsprint in the middle, manila on the face that takes the track. Punch rings from it. Ours: a punch press with a ring die.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Karatasi ya tabaka tatu iliyobandikwaKaratasi ya tabaka tatu iliyobandikwa1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Mkandamizo wa kutoboaMkandamizo wa kutoboa
Kalibu ya kukata peteKalibu ya kukata pete
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
2

Soak 1 hour in 15 % tung oil in naphtha

Soak the rings for about one hour in about 15 % raw tung oil in naphtha. Use raw oil, not heat-bodied or treated oil, so it can still gel.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Mafuta ya tungiMafuta ya tungi15 parts

Zana zinazohitajika:

NaftaNafta
Bikari ya kiooBikari ya kioo
Mizani ya mizani-mbiliMizani ya mizani-mbili
KikorogoKikorogo
Barakoa ya uso mzima ya kupumuaBarakoa ya uso mzima ya kupumua
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
3

Air-dry, then bake at 210–250 °C

Dry the rings in air for two hours or more, then bake 15 to 30 minutes at 210 to 250 °C. The oil gels in the paper's pores; the paper stays pliable.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Tanuri la kukaushiaTanuri la kukaushia
Kipimajoto cha OveniKipimajoto cha Oveni
Glavu Zinazostahimili JotoGlavu Zinazostahimili Joto
4

Spray the graphite track

Spray on the resistance paint, for example graphite in a shellac binder. The patent gives no proportions. The track can be tapered in thickness, width or mix to shape the resistance curve.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Unga wa GrafitiUnga wa Grafiti1 as required
ShelakiShelaki1 as required

Zana zinazohitajika:

Bunduki ya KunyunyiziaBunduki ya Kunyunyizia
Kibana hewaKibana hewa
Barakoa ya uso mzima ya kupumuaBarakoa ya uso mzima ya kupumua
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
5

Paint silver ends, bake at 220 °C

Spray or paint the two end terminals with silver particles in shellac. Dry, then bake at about 220 °C to cure and harden the track. The slight warp from soaking flattens out again.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Rangi ya fedha inayopitisha umemeRangi ya fedha inayopitisha umeme1 as required

Zana zinazohitajika:

Bunduki ya KunyunyiziaBunduki ya Kunyunyizia
Tanuri la kukaushiaTanuri la kukaushia
Kipimajoto cha OveniKipimajoto cha Oveni
Glavu Zinazostahimili JotoGlavu Zinazostahimili Joto

Vifaa

5

Zana Zinazohitajika

13

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Blueprint zinazohusiana

Blueprint hizi zinashiriki maarifa — mbinu, vifaa au kanuni

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Tung Oil Pressed from the Seeds of Tung Nuts

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