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Ceramic Disc Capacitors: Barium Titanate with Nickel Stannate, Pressed, Fired and Silvered (Coffeen, US 2,789,061)
Retired electrician (Wikimedia Commons) · CC0
Ed

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Ed

2. Novemba 2026FI
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Ceramic Disc Capacitors: Barium Titanate with Nickel Stannate, Pressed, Fired and Silvered (Coffeen, US 2,789,061)

Barium titanate with 3 mole % nickel stannate is calcined, pressed into small discs and fired hard. Silver is fired onto both faces and a lead soldered to each, giving ceramic disc capacitors of high capacity for their size. Result: discs 3/8 inch across and about 1/10 inch thick with a dielectric constant averaging 2380 and a dissipation factor of 0.58 %. Between 25 and 85 °C the dielectric constant rose at most 17 % and fell at most 7 %. Source: W. W. Coffeen (Metal & Thermit Corp.), US 2,789,061 (1957). Unknown: how the barium titanate, the nickel stannate and the tinned lead wire are made; the patent uses them ready-made. Picture: Wikimedia Commons.
Juu
10 days

Maagizo

1

Weigh and slurry

Weigh 19.32 g of barium titanate and 0.68 g of hydrated nickel stannate (about NiSnO3·2H2O), which is 97 mole % BaTiO3 and 3 mole % NiSnO3. Slurry them with 50 cc of distilled water. The patent prefers 2 to 4 mole % nickel stannate; 1 to 15 % works.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Bariamu titanatiBariamu titanati19.32 g
Nikeli stanetiNikeli staneti0.68 g

Zana zinazohitajika:

Maji yaliyosafishwa kwa mvukeMaji yaliyosafishwa kwa mvuke
Mizani ya dijitali ya usahihiMizani ya dijitali ya usahihi
Sahani ya KuvukiziaSahani ya Kuvukizia
2

Dry, sieve and calcine

Dry the slurry, crush it to pass a 50 mesh screen, moisten it with 5 % of a 2 1/2 % starch solution and press it into one slug. Calcine the slug for one hour at 1600 °F (871 °C). Ours: potato starch, a drying oven, mortar and pestle.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Wanga wa viaziWanga wa viazi
Tanuri la kukaushiaTanuri la kukaushia
Kinu na mchiKinu na mchi
UngoUngo
Mashine ya kubana ya haidrolikiMashine ya kubana ya haidroliki
Tanuru la joto kaliTanuru la joto kali
3

Press the discs

Grind the calcine to pass a 325 mesh screen, moisten it again with starch solution, and press small discs 3/8 inch in diameter and about 1/10 inch thick at 20,000 pounds per square inch.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kinu na mchiKinu na mchi
Ungo wa Matundu MembambaUngo wa Matundu Membamba
Wanga wa viaziWanga wa viazi
Mashine ya kubana ya haidrolikiMashine ya kubana ya haidroliki
Kalibu ya kubana diskiKalibu ya kubana diski
4

Fire on platinum

Fire the discs on platinum foil at 2400 °F (1316 °C) for one hour. They come out with zero absorption.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Tanuru la joto kaliTanuru la joto kali
PlatiniPlatini
5

Silver and lead

Paint silver paint on both faces and fire the discs at 1350 °F (732 °C) for one hour. Solder tinned copper lead wires directly to the silver electrodes. Age at least a week before measuring. Ours: a fine brush and a soldering iron.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Rangi ya fedha ya kuchomaRangi ya fedha ya kuchoma1 both faces
Waya wa shaba uliopakwa batiWaya wa shaba uliopakwa bati2 leads per disc
Waya wa LehemuWaya wa Lehemu1 a little

Zana zinazohitajika:

Brashi zenye ncha nyembambaBrashi zenye ncha nyembamba
Tanuru la joto kaliTanuru la joto kali
Chuma cha kulehemiaChuma cha kulehemia

Vifaa

5

Zana Zinazohitajika

14

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