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Fructose: Invert Sugar Separated with Lime as Calcium Laevulosate
Charlie

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Charlie

19. Oktoba 2026DE
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Fructose: Invert Sugar Separated with Lime as Calcium Laevulosate

Fructose (laevulose) is the fruit sugar; ordinary sugar is fructose and glucose joined. Thorpe's Dictionary (1912) separates them: invert the sugar with acid, then stir lime into the ice-cold solution. The fructose comes down as calcium laevulosate, which hardly dissolves in ice water, while the glucose stays in solution. Carbon dioxide then frees the fructose. It melts at 95 °C and is sweeter than ordinary sugar. The picture: our diagram.
Kati
1–2 days

Maagizo

1

Invert the sugar

Warm a sugar solution with a little mineral acid to split it into glucose and fructose (invert sugar). Ours: dilute sulphuric acid, as required.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Sukari nyeupeSukari nyeupe1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Asidi ya sulfuriki iliyopunguzwaAsidi ya sulfuriki iliyopunguzwa
Maji yaliyosafishwa kwa mvukeMaji yaliyosafishwa kwa mvuke
Sufuria kubwa ya chuma cha puaSufuria kubwa ya chuma cha pua
Sahani ya Kupasha JotoSahani ya Kupasha Joto
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
2

Remove the acid with baryta

Neutralise the acid with baryta (ours: barium oxide) and filter off the barium sulphate. Make the invert sugar up to a 10 % solution.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Oksidi ya bariamuOksidi ya bariamu
Karatasi ya kuonyesha pHKaratasi ya kuonyesha pH
Faneli ya Kioo Yenye BombaFaneli ya Kioo Yenye Bomba
Karatasi ya KuchujaKaratasi ya Kuchuja
Mizani ya mizani-mbiliMizani ya mizani-mbili
3

Lime it ice-cold

Ice-cold, add 6 g finely powdered slaked lime to every 100 cc and stir, with the vessel standing in ice water, until the milky liquid turns creamy. The fructose comes down as calcium laevulosate; the glucose stays dissolved.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Chokaa iliyozimwaChokaa iliyozimwa6 g per 100 ml

Zana zinazohitajika:

Bikari ya kioo inayostahimili jotoBikari ya kioo inayostahimili joto
Barafu iliyopondwaBarafu iliyopondwa
Kipimajoto cha maabaraKipimajoto cha maabara
4

Filter and press

Filter through linen and press hard to get rid of most of the liquid.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kitambaa cha kitaniKitambaa cha kitani
Mashine ya skrubu ya kukamua kitambaaMashine ya skrubu ya kukamua kitambaa
5

Free the fructose with carbon dioxide

Suspend the pressed mass in water and pass in carbon dioxide. Filter, then evaporate the solution under vacuum over sulphuric acid: anhydrous fructose remains.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Gesi ya kaboni dioksidiGesi ya kaboni dioksidi
Maji yaliyosafishwa kwa mvukeMaji yaliyosafishwa kwa mvuke
Faneli ya Kioo Yenye BombaFaneli ya Kioo Yenye Bomba
Karatasi ya KuchujaKaratasi ya Kuchuja
Pampu ya utupuPampu ya utupu
Asidi ya sulfuriki iliyokoleaAsidi ya sulfuriki iliyokolea

Vifaa

2

Zana Zinazohitajika

19

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