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Cord-Lever Churn: A Cord Wound Round a Hollow Staff Turns It Back and Forth as a Hinged Lever Swings, a Loose Gatherer Rides Its Ribs
H. Hagans · Public domain
Buttercup

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Buttercup

12. Novemba 2026IE
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Cord-Lever Churn: A Cord Wound Round a Hollow Staff Turns It Back and Forth as a Hinged Lever Swings, a Loose Gatherer Rides Its Ribs

H. Hagans of Brandonville, Virginia, received US 32,868, dated 23 July 1861, for a churn turned like a bow drill. The dasher staff stands in an ordinary churn inside a frame; a cord tied to a bar hinged on one post is wound three times round the staff and hooked into a hand lever hinged on the other side of the same post, the two held apart by folding braces. Swinging the lever slides the cord and turns the staff back and forth. The staff is hollow, so air enters above the lid and leaves near the bottom; wings stir the cream, and a gatherer, loose on two ribs, rides up and down with the butter and gathers it. The patent gives no sizes; every size here is ours.
Kati
About 2 days

Maagizo

1

Cord and staff, like a bow drill

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2

A cord kept tight round a turning part, a year and a half before

Willson keeps a cord tight with a sprung bow. Hagans winds it three times round the staff and keeps it taut with folding braces between a lever and a bar.
3

Read US 32,868

"The cord H is attached to the counter-bar J and is wound three times around the staff E, and the other end is placed in the notch v of the lever I, with the knot outside."
4

Frame: bed A, uprights C, C', cap D

Glue up a hardwood bed A 760 x 320 x 30 mm and screw four hardwood steady pins n 12 mm round it where the churn's foot will stand. Mortise two hardwood uprights C and C' 50 x 50 mm, 560 tall, into the bed's ends, 710 mm apart over their centres. Cut a hardwood cap D 780 x 50 x 30 mm, bored 13 mm at the churn's centre for the staff's pivot. Pivot one end on the top of C' with a bolt a' and wing nut; at the other end cut a mortise h 12 x 20 mm over a bolt a in the top of C, with a flat bar binding plate i under its wing nut, so turning the plate lets that end lift off and swing aside.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu3 vipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande
Mkusanyiko wa bolti za pembe sitaMkusanyiko wa bolti za pembe sita2 vipande
Nati ya mabawaNati ya mabawa2 vipande
Pau Bapa la Chuma LainiPau Bapa la Chuma Laini1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Seti ya patasi za mtiSeti ya patasi za mti
Mashine ya kuchonga pembeMashine ya kuchonga pembe
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Kibano cha upauKibano cha upau
Spana inayoweza kurekebishwaSpana inayoweza kurekebishwa
Tepi ya kupimiaTepi ya kupimia
5

Print the step b

The step in the churn's bottom: 40 mm across, 12 high, with a 22.6 mm socket 10 deep. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
6

Print the gatherer G

The butter-gatherer: a hub 60 mm across and 40 high, 23 mm bore with two slots for the ribs, and two tapered arms reaching 110 mm. Print it in two halves split through the slots, and screw them together on the staff. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
7

Churn B, staff E, wings F, ribs c and gatherer G

Use a 20-litre food-grade bucket as the churn B, with the step in its bottom, and cut an HDPE lid with a 24 mm hole. Cut a 22 mm stainless tube 525 mm long as the hollow staff E; drill four 8 mm holes e round it 30 mm above its foot and one d 430 mm up, above the lid. Glue and screw four hardwood wings F 110 x 40 x 6 mm radially on it 60 to 100 mm up, and two hardwood ribs c 8 x 6 mm, 120 long, on opposite sides 170 to 290 mm up. Screw the gatherer's halves together round it between the ribs, so it slides freely up and down. Plug the tube's top and turn a 12 mm pivot on it for the cap.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ndoo ya Lita 20Ndoo ya Lita 201 kipande
Bamba la HDPEBamba la HDPE1 kipande
Bomba la chuma cha puaBomba la chuma cha pua1 kipande
Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao12 vipande
Uzi wa PETGUzi wa PETG1 kipande
Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
DiraDira
Msumeno wa KupindaMsumeno wa Kupinda
Seti ya vichwa bapa vya kutoboaSeti ya vichwa bapa vya kutoboa
8

Lever I, bar J, braces K and cord H

Cut a hardwood lever I 40 x 25 mm, 700 long with a handle, and a counter-bar J 520 long. Hang each on a butt hinge on opposite sides of C', 440 mm up, so they swing level, I on the front and J on the back, reaching past the staff on either side. Cut a notch v in I where it passes the staff. Make the braces K two strips of mild steel flat bar 200 mm long, each bolted to a lever at k 150 mm from the post, and bolted to each other at l, so they fold. Tie a braided cord H to J beside the staff, wind it three times round the staff above the lid, and hook its other end into the notch v with the knot outside, the braces straight and the cord taut.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu1 kipande
Bawaba ya kabatiBawaba ya kabati2 vipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao12 vipande
Pau Bapa la Chuma LainiPau Bapa la Chuma Laini1 kipande
Mkusanyiko wa bolti za pembe sitaMkusanyiko wa bolti za pembe sita3 vipande
KambaKamba1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Msumeno wa KupindaMsumeno wa Kupinda
Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)
Kibano cha meza ya kaziKibano cha meza ya kazi
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
Spana inayoweza kurekebishwaSpana inayoweza kurekebishwa
9

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, the churn cut open: the bed with its steady pins, the two uprights and cap, the hollow staff with its wings, ribs and the loose gatherer, the step, the lid, the lever and counter-bar hinged on one post with the folding braces, and the cord wound round the staff.
Faili ya UsanifuBLENDCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
10

Churn

Swing the cap aside, set the churn between the steady pins with the staff in its step, pour in about 10 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer, put on the lid and swing the cap back over the staff's pivot, turning the binding plate. Wind on the cord. Swing the lever to and fro, timing it; the staff turns back and forth and draws air down through itself. When the butter comes, slow down so the gatherer collects it. Fold the braces, unhook the cord, swing the cap aside, lift out the staff, take out the butter, pour the buttermilk into a bowl, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, salt and weigh it.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Malai nzitoMalai nzito10 l
Chumvi ya Bahari MbichiChumvi ya Bahari Mbichi1 kipande
MajiMaji1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndaniKipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndani
Saa ya kupima mudaSaa ya kupima muda
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoniMizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Bakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha puaBakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha pua
11

Troubleshooting

Cord-lever churn troubleshooting.

Flow

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12

History and honest limits

**H. Hagans** of Brandonville, Preston County, Virginia (now West Virginia), US 32,868, 23 July 1861, "Improved Churn"; the drawing spells the name Hagan. He claimed the self-adjusting rotary butter-gatherer G and ribs c with the dasher rod and wings, and the jointed braces K, hinged levers I and J and driving cord H with the dasher rod and post C'. His churn was an ordinary barrel; ours is a bucket. His staff was wood bored hollow; ours is a stainless tube. The patent gives no sizes; every size here is ours.

Vifaa

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Zana Zinazohitajika

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Faili za muundo

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Blueprint zinazohusiana

Blueprint hizi zinashiriki maarifa — mbinu, vifaa au kanuni

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