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Impact Wrench: Centrifugal-Dog Clutch on a Reversible Air Motor
Louis P. Fosnot (Independent Pneumatic Tool Co.) · Public domain (expired patent)
Martin

Imeundwa na

Martin

23. Oktoba 2026NO
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Impact Wrench: Centrifugal-Dog Clutch on a Reversible Air Motor

Louis Fosnot's impact wrench (Independent Pneumatic Tool, US 2,425,793, 1947). A reversible vane air motor turns a carrier that drags a heavy slotted hammer round with it. Centrifugal force throws two sliding dogs out of the hammer to strike the jaws of the anvil, which carries the socket; on each blow the hammer recoils, cam slots pull the dogs back in, and the motor, which never stops, spins the hammer up for the next blow. The blows land at the largest radius, so a small tool hits hard. The patent gives no sizes or materials beyond a light-metal case, and leaves the motor's ports to the trade; the motor is taken as a bought part. The picture: the patent's sheet 1.
Juu
2 days

Maagizo

1

Fit valve, trigger and nipple in the cast case

Use the motor case and side handle cast in one piece of light metal. Fit the spring-closed throttle valve (4) in the handle's air passage (3), the trigger block (5) to open it, and the hose nipple (6) at the passage's end.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kasha la mota ya kifaaKasha la mota ya kifaa1 kipande
Vali ya kuongeza kasiVali ya kuongeza kasi1 kipande
Kifyatulio cha kifaaKifyatulio cha kifaa1 kipande
Nipo yenye hesi ya bombaNipo yenye hesi ya bomba1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Spana inayoweza kurekebishwaSpana inayoweza kurekebishwa
2

Mount the vane motor

Clamp the vane motor's cylinder (13), fixed against turning, between its end plates (14) in the case. The plates carry ball bearings (15) for the rotor's shaft ends (16); the rotor (9) sits off-centre with sliding blades (10) in its slots (11).

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Mota ya hewa ya vigaeMota ya hewa ya vigae1 kipande
Fani ya MipiraFani ya Mipira2 vipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kibonyezo cha mkonoKibonyezo cha mkono
3

Fit the reversing valve

Fit the turning reversing valve (22) in the case between the rotor and the throttle valve, with its handle (23) outside: one way the motor screws up right-hand threads, the other way it undoes them.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Vali ya kugeuzaVali ya kugeuza1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Spana inayoweza kurekebishwaSpana inayoweza kurekebishwa
4

Pin the dogs into the hammer

Slide one rectangular dog (47) into each end of the hammer's cross-slot (46). Press a pin (48) through the bore (49) of each dog so its ends stick out into the hammer's radial slots (50), letting the dog slide in and out but not fall out. Ours: arbor press.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Nyundo ya klachi ya mshtukoNyundo ya klachi ya mshtuko1 kipande
Kipigo cha mshtukoKipigo cha mshtuko2 vipande
Pini ya chumaPini ya chuma2 vipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kibonyezo cha mkonoKibonyezo cha mkono
5

Build the carrier round the hammer

Put the hammer on the carrier shaft (38) through its centre openings (54). Fit the lower plate (37) on the shaft's hexagon (39). The pin ends now ride in the curved cam slots (53) of both plates.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kibebeo cha nyundo ya klachiKibebeo cha nyundo ya klachi1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kibonyezo cha mkonoKibonyezo cha mkono
6

Set the carrier in the anvil

Lower the carrier into the anvil cup (27): a thrust plate (43) between the lower plate and the anvil's end wall (30), the shaft's lower end (41) in a roller bearing (42) inside the hollow spindle (26). The dogs face the anvil's jaws (32) through its side openings (31).

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Fuawe ya klachi ya mshtukoFuawe ya klachi ya mshtuko1 kipande
Bamba la msukumoBamba la msukumo1 kipande
Beringi ya roliBeringi ya roli1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kibonyezo cha mkonoKibonyezo cha mkono
7

Couple to the motor and bolt on the housing

Engage the rotor's shaft end in the upper plate's socket (44). Bolt the clutch housing (24) to the motor case; its bushing (25) carries the anvil spindle. Ours: wrench for the bolts.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kasha la klachiKasha la klachi1 kipande
Bushi ya chumaBushi ya chuma1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Spana inayoweza kurekebishwaSpana inayoweza kurekebishwa
8

Fit the socket and run it

Put a socket (28) of the nut's size on the spindle. Ours: connect an air hose from a compressor. Run the nut down; once it is tight the dogs strike the jaws in rapid blows. On each blow the hammer recoils and the cams draw the dogs in until the carrier spins it up again.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Soketi ya spanaSoketi ya spana1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kibana hewaKibana hewa
Bomba la hewaBomba la hewa

Vifaa

17

Zana Zinazohitajika

4

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