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Litmus Paper from Dye Lichen
Chemicalinterest (Wikimedia Commons) · Public domain
Charlie

Imeundwa na

Charlie

14. Oktoba 2026DE
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Litmus Paper from Dye Lichen

Litmus is a blue dye from lichens that turns red in acid and back to blue in alkali. The lichen is ground with sodium carbonate and ammonia and stirred for about four weeks while it turns from red through purple to blue; alcohol then takes out the red orcein. Unsized paper soaked in the blue litmus and dried is litmus paper. The picture: strips of litmus paper, blue at one end and turned red at the other.
Kati
About four weeks

Maagizo

1

Grind the lichen

Grind dry dye lichen in a mortar with a solution of washing soda and household ammonia, then put it in a crock (our quantities: 100 g lichen, 20 g washing soda, 0.5 L ammonia solution).

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kuvu-mmea wa rangi (unaotoa orchila)Kuvu-mmea wa rangi (unaotoa orchila)100 g
Soda ya kufuliaSoda ya kufulia20 g
Mmumunyo wa amonia wa nyumbaniMmumunyo wa amonia wa nyumbani0.5 lita

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kinu na mchiKinu na mchi
Chungu cha uchachushajiChungu cha uchachushaji
Mizani ya mizani-mbiliMizani ya mizani-mbili
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
2

Stir for four weeks

Cover the crock and stir now and then. The colour goes from red to purple and finally blue in about four weeks.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Chungu cha uchachushajiChungu cha uchachushaji
Fimbo ya Kioo ya KukorogaFimbo ya Kioo ya Kukoroga
3

Take out the orcein

Work the blue mass with alcohol and pour the alcohol off with the red orcein it dissolves, until it no longer runs red. The blue litmus stays.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Etanoli ya maabara, 95 %Etanoli ya maabara, 95 %0.3 lita

Zana zinazohitajika:

Bikari ya kiooBikari ya kioo
Fimbo ya Kioo ya KukorogaFimbo ya Kioo ya Kukoroga
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
4

Dye the paper

Stir the litmus into water, let it settle and pour the clear blue off. Cut unsized filter paper into strips and soak them in it.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

MajiMaji0.5 lita
Karatasi ya KuchujaKaratasi ya Kuchuja10 karatasi

Zana zinazohitajika:

Bikari ya kiooBikari ya kioo
MkasiMkasi
5

Dry and store

Dry the strips on a rack away from acid or ammonia fumes, which would colour them, and keep them in a closed jar (our care).

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kichanja cha KukaushiaKichanja cha Kukaushia
Chupa ya KiooChupa ya Kioo
6

What the colour change tells you

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…

Vifaa

6

Zana Zinazohitajika

10

Mchoro huu unatengeneza

Thumbnail
Kishikilia nafasi

Karatasi ya kuonyesha pH

Free

54
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Thumbnail
Kishikilia nafasi

Karatasi ya litmasi

Free

289
0

Blueprint zinazohusiana

Blueprint hizi zinashiriki maarifa — mbinu, vifaa au kanuni

Filter Paper: Soft, Unsized Paper from Linen Rags

Filter Paper: Soft, Unsized Paper from Linen Rags

na CharlieDE

Ufundi wa karatasi

19
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