SANAA
UREMBO NA USTAWI
UJANJA
UTAMADUNI NA HISTORIA
BURUDANI
MAZINGIRA
CHAKULA NA VINYWAJI
UHANDISI WA KINYUME
SAYANSI
MICHEZO
TEKNOLOJIA
VAZI

Polyvinyl Alcohol: Polyvinyl Acetate Stirred in Alcoholic Potash
Vinyl alcohol itself cannot be isolated, but its polymer can: Herrmann and Haehnel (patent 1928) stirred ground polyvinyl acetate into potash dissolved in alcohol, and polyvinyl alcohol fell out as a white, odourless powder that dissolves in water. It is the protective colloid in PVA (polyvinyl acetate) glue emulsions.
The picture: our diagram of the patent's Example I.
Kati
An hour, then drying
Maagizo
1
1
Grind the polyvinyl acetate
Grind the polyvinyl acetate
Grind the solid polyvinyl acetate to a powder in a mortar (our method).
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Polivinili asetati80 gZana zinazohitajika:
Kinu na mchi
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoni2
2
Dissolve the potash
Dissolve the potash
Dissolve 60 g potassium hydroxide in 50 g ethyl alcohol in a vessel you can stir. Potash burns skin and eyes.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Hidroksidi ya potasiamu60 g
Etanoli ya maabara, 95 %50 gZana zinazohitajika:
Bikari ya kioo
Fimbo ya Kioo ya Kukoroga
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Glavu zinazostahimili kemikali
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali3
3
Stir in the acetate
Stir in the acetate
Add the 80 g ground polyvinyl acetate while stirring hard, and keep stirring for about half an hour. Polyvinyl alcohol precipitates.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Bikari ya kioo
Fimbo ya Kioo ya Kukoroga
Glavu zinazostahimili kemikali
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali4
4
Filter and dry
Filter and dry
Collect the precipitate on a filter and dry it: a white powder without odour that dissolves in water.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Kifaneli cha Büchner (kauri)
Karatasi ya Kuchuja
Trei wazi ya kukaushia
Glavu zinazostahimili kemikali5
5
Scaling the patent's example
Scaling the patent's example
Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
Vifaa
3- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
Zana Zinazohitajika
9- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
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