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Cross-Hole Countersinks: A Slanting Hole Through the Cone Makes One Spiral Shearing Lip (Taylor, 1903)
John M. Taylor · Public domain
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13. Novemba 2026NO
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Cross-Hole Countersinks: A Slanting Hole Through the Cone Makes One Spiral Shearing Lip (Taylor, 1903)

John M. Taylor of Hartford, Connecticut, received US 724,520, dated 7 April 1903, for a countersink that shears wood smoothly. Its conical head has a hole drilled through it at a slant that crosses the axis and reaches the point. One edge of that hole is the cutting lip, a spiral curve from the point out to the rim, and the chips go straight out through the hole to the back. A short band behind the cone guides it. We turn a set of three from tool steel and harden them. The patent gives no sizes; every size here is ours.
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About 1 day

Maagizo

1

Where the slanting hole must go

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2

Read US 724,520

"One of the outer edges of the wall of the opening forms a cutting-lip 8, which is of spiral formation, whereby it is effective to make a shear cut, and terminates in a shoulder 9, forming an entering or cutting point 4 at the apex of the conical head 2."
3

Turn the blanks

From octagonal tool steel big enough for each head, turn three blanks: a 90 degree cone 2 to a sharp point, 12, 16 and 20 mm across at its base; a band 5 2 mm long at that diameter as the guide; a truncated cone 6 down to an 8 mm shank 50 mm long. File three flats on each shank's end for the chuck. Heat each to a cherry red and let it cool slowly in the air, to soften it for drilling.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kipande cha pembe nane cha feleji ya zanaKipande cha pembe nane cha feleji ya zana2 vipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kereza ya ChumaKereza ya Chuma
Chaki ya kereza yenye makucha 3Chaki ya kereza yenye makucha 3
Chombo cha kukata cha latheChombo cha kukata cha lathe
Patasi ya kukata kaziPatasi ya kukata kazi
Kipima-pembeKipima-pembe
Kipima-unene cha dijitali cha inchi 6Kipima-unene cha dijitali cha inchi 6
Seti ya tupaSeti ya tupa
Jiko la KufuaJiko la Kufua
Koleo la forjiKoleo la forji
Miwani ya usalamaMiwani ya usalama
4

Drill the slanting opening 7

Hold a blank in the machine vice tilted so the drill meets the cone's side at 35 degrees to the tool's axis, aimed to cross the axis just behind the point (the notebook gives how far). Drill through with a drill 0.45 of the head across: 5.5, 7 and 9 mm, so the hole breaks out through the point on one side and out of the back cone on the other. Open the back of the hole a little larger, so it tapers towards the shank.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kekee cha NguzoKekee cha Nguzo
Kibano cha mashineKibano cha mashine
Kipima-pembeKipima-pembe
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Kipima-unene cha dijitali cha inchi 6Kipima-unene cha dijitali cha inchi 6
5

File the lip 8

With a round needle file, clean the hole's edge on the side that leads as the countersink turns, leaving it sharp from the point to the band: that is the spiral cutting lip. File a little relief on the cone just behind it, and leave the shoulder 9 at the point.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Seti ya tupa ndogoSeti ya tupa ndogo
Kibano cha mashineKibano cha mashine
Kisagia cha mezaKisagia cha meza
6

Harden and temper

Heat each head to a cherry red, until a magnet no longer sticks, and quench it point first in water, moving it about. Rub it bright with a stone, heat the shank gently 20 mm behind the head, and quench again as soon as a light straw colour reaches the cutting lip.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Jiko la KufuaJiko la Kufua
Koleo la forjiKoleo la forji
Sumaku NdogoSumaku Ndogo
Ndoo ya kupoza chumaNdoo ya kupoza chuma
MajiMaji
Jiwe la KunoleaJiwe la Kunolea
Glavu za kulehemuGlavu za kulehemu
Miwani ya usalamaMiwani ya usalama
7

Hone and test

Hone the lip lightly with the stone. Drill a few screw holes in hardwood and countersink them in the drill: the cone should cut a smooth bell without chatter and the chips should come out of the hole at the back.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Jiwe la KunoleaJiwe la Kunolea
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu
Miwani ya usalamaMiwani ya usalama
8

Troubleshooting

Countersink troubleshooting.

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9

History and honest limits

**John M. Taylor** of Hartford, Connecticut, US 724,520, dated 7 April 1903, filed 7 November 1901. He claimed "a countersink having a cone-shaped head provided with an opening crossing diagonally to the axis within the length of the tool and intersecting the apex of the cone, said opening having a curved edge forming a cutting-lip", and a two-part shank for brace or chuck. We make one-piece shanks for a chuck. He gives no sizes, angle or steel; our 90 degree cones, sizes and the house hardening are ours.

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Zana Zinazohitajika

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Wood Chisels and Gouges Forged from Tool Steel

Wood Chisels and Gouges Forged from Tool Steel

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