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Terephthalic Acid: Para-Xylene Oxidised by Air with Manganese and Bromide
Charlie

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Charlie

19. Oktoba 2026DE
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Terephthalic Acid: Para-Xylene Oxidised by Air with Manganese and Bromide

Terephthalic acid is the acid half of PET. Both methyl groups of para-xylene are burnt to acid groups by air under pressure in hot acetic acid, with a little manganese salt and bromide as catalyst: the Mid-Century process of Saffer and Barker (US 2,833,816, 1958). The acid does not dissolve, so it is simply filtered off. Example 24 of the patent, all parts by weight. The picture: our diagram of the reactor.
Juu
1 day

Maagizo

1

Charge the reactor

Into a corrosion-resistant pressure reactor with a water-cooled condenser on top, put 75 parts para-xylene, 150 parts acetic acid, 1 part manganese acetate (tetrahydrate) and 0.75 part ammonium bromide.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Para-zailiniPara-zailini75 parts

Zana zinazohitajika:

Asidi asetiki (safi kabisa)Asidi asetiki (safi kabisa)
Asetati ya manganiziAsetati ya manganizi
Amonia bromidiAmonia bromidi
Mizani ya mizani-mbiliMizani ya mizani-mbili
Riakta ya shinikizoRiakta ya shinikizo
Koili ya kifidishajiKoili ya kifidishaji
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
Glavu zinazostahimili kemikaliGlavu zinazostahimili kemikali
2

Pressurise with air and heat to 385 °F

Raise the pressure to 400 psig with air, blown in near the bottom. Set the vent so gas leaves at 3,000 volumes per hour per volume of liquid. Heat to 385 °F (196 °C), then switch the heat off: the reaction heats itself.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Riakta ya shinikizoRiakta ya shinikizo
Kibanio hewa cha kiwandaKibanio hewa cha kiwanda
Koili ya kifidishajiKoili ya kifidishaji
Kipimajoto cha maabaraKipimajoto cha maabara
3

Hold at 385–400 °F

Once the first rush is over, heat as needed to hold 385–400 °F (196–204 °C), 1.5 hours in all. It is finished when the exit gas is back to 20–21 % oxygen (Orsat analysis).

Zana zinazohitajika:

Riakta ya shinikizoRiakta ya shinikizo
Kipimajoto cha maabaraKipimajoto cha maabara
Kichanganuzi cha gesi cha OrsatKichanganuzi cha gesi cha Orsat
4

Cool, empty and filter

Cool to 185 °F (85 °C) and let the pressure off. Push the liquid out at 150–200 °F with nitrogen pressure, scrape out the solid, and filter everything together.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Silinda ya gesi ya naitrojeniSilinda ya gesi ya naitrojeni
Faneli ya Kioo Yenye BombaFaneli ya Kioo Yenye Bomba
Karatasi ya KuchujaKaratasi ya Kuchuja
Glavu zinazostahimili kemikaliGlavu zinazostahimili kemikali
5

Wash and dry

Wash the terephthalic acid twice with hot acetic acid (75 ml each in the example) and dry it. The patent got 115 parts by weight from 100 of para-xylene.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Asidi asetiki (safi kabisa)Asidi asetiki (safi kabisa)
Faneli ya Kioo Yenye BombaFaneli ya Kioo Yenye Bomba
Karatasi ya KuchujaKaratasi ya Kuchuja
Tanuri la kukaushiaTanuri la kukaushia

Vifaa

1
  • 1
    Para-zailini
    75 parts
    Kishikilia Nafasi

Zana Zinazohitajika

15

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Para-Xylene by Three-Stage Crystallisation from Xylene

Para-Xylene by Three-Stage Crystallisation from Xylene

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