SANAA
UREMBO NA USTAWI
UJANJA
UTAMADUNI NA HISTORIA
BURUDANI
MAZINGIRA
CHAKULA NA VINYWAJI
UHANDISI WA KINYUME
SAYANSI
MICHEZO
TEKNOLOJIA
VAZI
Youblob (generated from this blueprint's notebook) · CC0
The Cam Timer: A Program Cut Into Discs
Before microcontrollers, a washing machine, a dishwasher, a traffic light or an industrial process followed its sequence by turning a shaft of cam discs past a row of switches. A slow synchronous motor turns the stack once per program; each disc switches one function on while its raised arc passes; the dial on the front is simply the end of the shaft, and turning it by hand skips the program forward.
Everything about the program lives in the geometry: time is angle, and each function is an arc.
This rung turns a washing program into cam arcs, draws the cams, and builds a four-cam timer from printed discs and microswitches that switches four lamps in sequence.
Mwanzo
About 4 hours
Maagizo
1
1
From program to cam arcs
From program to cam arcs
Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2
2
One turn of the cam shaft
One turn of the cam shaft
Eneo la Kazi la Blockly
Loading Blockly workspace...
3
3
How a cam moves its follower
How a cam moves its follower
Each disc of a cam timer is a plate cam lifting a switch lever. The embedded blueprint shows how the cam's profile sets the follower's motion.
4
4
Build a four-cam timer
Build a four-cam timer
From the notebook's arcs, draw four discs 50 mm across with raised arcs 3 mm high where each function is on. Print them in PETG with a flat on their bore and stack them on an 8 mm steel shaft, with the zero marks lined up.
Turn the shaft with a slow geared DC motor — for a quick demonstration, one turn every minute or two instead of a real program's hour. Mount four lever microswitches on a plywood rail so each lever rides on one disc, and wire each through an LED and resistor from the supply.
Run it: the LEDs play the program in order. Turn the shaft by hand to jump to any step, as the dial of a washing machine does. Change one disc and the program changes.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Fimbo ya chuma ghafi1 kipande
Mota ya DC yenye gia1 kipande
Kibonyezo kidogo (kinachoendeshwa kwa mkono wa kibao)4 vipande
LED ya mm 54 vipande
Kizuia-mkondo cha ohm 3304 vipande
Bati la mbao za kubandika1 kipande
Nyaya za Kuunganisha1 kipandeZana zinazohitajika:
Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
Uzi wa PETG
Chanzo cha nishati ya mkondo wa moja kwa moja
Kekee cha Betri
Chuma cha kulehemia
Kipima-unene cha dijitali cha inchi 65
5
A cam timer stuck on one step
A cam timer stuck on one step
Program timer faults.
Flow
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6
6
Context and honest limits
Context and honest limits
Motor-driven cam timers ran washing machines, dishwashers, traffic signals and process plants for most of the twentieth century, until microcontrollers replaced them from the 1980s onward — keeping the same sequences.
**Honest limits.** A pure cam timer knows only time: a real washing machine timer also waits for the tub to fill or drain before it moves on, using the level switch to stop the timer motor. The printed demonstration runs fast; a real timer makes one turn per program.
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