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Funnel-Tube Atmospheric Churn: Trailing Funnels on a Fast Cross Draw Air Down Slanting Tubes Into the Cream
L. J. Wicks (USPTO drawing) · Public domain
Buttercup

Imeundwa na

Buttercup

9. Novemba 2026IE
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Funnel-Tube Atmospheric Churn: Trailing Funnels on a Fast Cross Draw Air Down Slanting Tubes Into the Cream

Loren J. Wicks of Racine, Wisconsin, received US 23,208, dated 8 March 1859, for an atmospheric churn. A crank turns a wheel cogged on its side, which spins an upright shaft fast. Near its foot the shaft carries a cross with a funnel on each arm, mouth trailing; four slanting tubes run from the funnels up to the shaft near its top. As the funnels draw away from the cream, air is sucked down the tubes and bubbles up through it. The top has gauze-covered openings for air and for watching the cream. This rung builds it in a square food container with printed gears and cross.
Juu
About 6 hours, plus printing

Maagizo

1

Speeds at the tubes' two ends

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
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Air into the cream, before it

Bump pumped air in with a hollow dasher. Wicks lets turning funnels draw it in with no valve.
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Read US 23,208

"As the funnels recede from the cream or milk a vacuum is produced in the tubes j, j, j, j, and the external air rushes in immediately at the tops of the tubes and is conveyed through them to the bottom of the churn, where it escapes and rises through the cream to the top of the churn again."
4

Print the cross i

The cross with four slanting tube sockets and the funnels k on the arms' sides. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
5

Print the collar

The collar that holds the tubes' tops round the shaft. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
6

Print the socket

The foot bearing for shaft G. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
7

Print the pinion F

The 12-tooth pinion for the top of shaft G. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
8

Print the wheel E

The 204 mm wheel with 60 teeth on its side. Print it flat, teeth up. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
9

Body A and the ventilating top

Use a square food-grade container about 300 x 300 x 320 mm. Cut a 12 mm plywood top 320 mm square with a 13 mm hole in the middle and two openings 70 x 80 mm beside it; staple wire mesh over the openings (gauze D) and screw two hardwood cleats underneath so the top sits square on the rim. Screw the socket to the middle of the container's floor with an M4 screw and lock nut.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Chombo cha kuhifadhi cha daraja la chakulaChombo cha kuhifadhi cha daraja la chakula1 kipande
Bati la mbao za kubandikaBati la mbao za kubandika1 kipande
Wavu wa wayaWavu wa waya1 kipande
Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu1 kipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao8 vipande
Skrubu za mashineSkrubu za mashine1 kipande
Nati ya Kufungasha yenye NailoniNati ya Kufungasha yenye Nailoni1 kipande
Uzi wa PETGUzi wa PETG1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
Msumeno wa KupindaMsumeno wa Kupinda
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Mkasi wa batiMkasi wa bati
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
Tepi ya kupimiaTepi ya kupimia
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Shaft G, cross, tubes and collar

Cut a 12 mm stainless rod 373 mm long for shaft G. Fix the cross on it 20 mm above its foot and the collar 258 mm above its foot, each with an M4 screw across. Cut four 10 mm stainless tubes about 250 mm long, deburr them, and push each into its cross socket and up into the collar. Check that every funnel mouth points the same way round: they must trail as the shaft turns.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Fimbo ya chuma cha puaFimbo ya chuma cha pua1 kipande
Bomba la chuma cha puaBomba la chuma cha pua1 kipande
Skrubu za mashineSkrubu za mashine2 vipande
Nati ya Kufungasha yenye NailoniNati ya Kufungasha yenye Nailoni2 vipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Kikata bombaKikata bomba
Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
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Uprights, wheel E and crank S

Stand shaft G in its socket, put the top on and fix the pinion on G's top. Screw two hardwood uprights C 44 x 30 x 158 mm to the top, either side of the wheel's place, bored 12.5 mm at 128 mm up. Run a 12 mm stainless rod through them and the wheel's hub as shaft B so the wheel's teeth mesh with the pinion, fix the wheel with an M4 screw, and fix a hardwood crank S 132 mm long with a dowel handle on B's end.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu1 kipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao4 vipande
Fimbo ya chuma cha puaFimbo ya chuma cha pua1 kipande
Skrubu za mashineSkrubu za mashine2 vipande
Nati ya Kufungasha yenye NailoniNati ya Kufungasha yenye Nailoni2 vipande
Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mkonoMsumeno wa mkono
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
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The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, the near quarter of the container and top cut away: the shaft on its socket with the cross, funnels, slanting tubes and collar, the meshed top with its uprights, wheel E and pinion F, and the crank.
Faili ya UsanifuBLENDCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
13

Churn

Pour in about 10 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer, and put the top on. Turn the crank fast the way that makes the funnels trail, and time it; watch through the gauze for bubbles rising. When the butter comes it gathers between the tubes at the bottom. Lift out the top and shaft, pour off the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Malai nzitoMalai nzito10 l
Chumvi ya Bahari MbichiChumvi ya Bahari Mbichi1 kipande
MajiMaji1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndaniKipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndani
Saa ya kupima mudaSaa ya kupima muda
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoniMizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Bakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha puaBakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha pua
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Troubleshooting

Atmospheric churn troubleshooting.

Flow

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History and honest limits

**Loren J. Wicks** of Racine, Wisconsin, US 23,208, 8 March 1859, "Churn". He held that the tubes' feet, moving much faster than their tops, upset the balance and draw air in quickly, and that the butter, heavier than the cream, settles between the tubes. He claimed the shaft, slanting tubes, cross pieces and funnels in a square churn with a ventilating top. He gave no sizes or materials, and drew F as a bevel wheel; our pinion is straight-cut, and every size and material is ours.

Vifaa

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Zana Zinazohitajika

15

Faili za muundo

6

Mchoro huu unatengeneza

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Blueprint zinazohusiana

Blueprint hizi zinashiriki maarifa — mbinu, vifaa au kanuni

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CC0 Umma Wote

Mchoro huu umetolewa chini ya CC0. Uko huru kunakili, kubadilisha, kusambaza, na kutumia kazi hii kwa madhumuni yoyote, bila kuomba ruhusa.

Saidia Mtengenezaji kwa kununua bidhaa kupitia Mchoro wao ambapo wanapata Kamisheni ya Mtengenezaji iliyowekwa na Wachuuzi, au unda marudio mapya ya Mchoro huu na uiunganishe kama kiungo katika Mchoro wako kuchangia mapato.

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