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Interlapping Spiral-Dasher Churn: Two Upright Shafts With Arms Set in Screw Form Interlap, One Turning the Other
D. M. Woodin · Public domain
Buttercup

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Buttercup

11. Novemba 2026IE
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Interlapping Spiral-Dasher Churn: Two Upright Shafts With Arms Set in Screw Form Interlap, One Turning the Other

D. M. Woodin of Brandon, Wisconsin, received US 28,528, dated 29 May 1860, for a churn. Two shafts stand side by side in a box, each with arms set round it in a screw form; the arms of one pass between the arms of the other, so turning one shaft with the crank turns the second "like spiral gearing". The two screws force the cream down between them and it rises again outside, while the arms meet and close on each other, breaking the globules. The patent gives no sizes; every size here is ours.
Kati
About 2 days, plus printing

Maagizo

1

Where the shafts go

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2

Two dashers turning contrary ways, three months before

Vaughan joins his two dashers with pinions. Woodin lets the dashers' own arms drive one another.
3

Read US 28,528

"These two spiral wheels revolving in this way force the cream downward all the while, but it rising again on the outside of the wheels, is kept moving in a constant current from top to bottom, and from bottom to top. In addition to the friction thus caused and the moving of the cream in a constant current, the arms overlapping and interlapping mash the globules of the cream as they meet and press against each other."
4

Print the crown wheel

Crown wheel, 36 teeth on its face, module 2, with a hub; bored 12.4 mm. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
5

Print the pinion

Spur pinion, 12 teeth, module 2, with a hub; bored 12.4 mm. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
6

Box A and steps

From 20 mm hardwood board make a box 350 x 220 mm inside and 350 deep; glue and screw it and seal the inside joints with silicone sealant. Screw two hardwood blocks 50 x 50 x 10 mm to the floor on the long centre line, 128 mm apart, the first 110 mm from one end, each bored 16.6 mm, 6 deep, as steps. Cut a lid to sit on top, bored 17 mm over each step.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu3 vipande
Kipande cha mbao ngumuKipande cha mbao ngumu2 vipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao40 vipande
Kizibo cha SilikoniKizibo cha Silikoni1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Seti ya vichwa bapa vya kutoboaSeti ya vichwa bapa vya kutoboa
Kibano cha upauKibano cha upau
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
Tepi ya kupimiaTepi ya kupimia
7

Wheels B, B with spiral arms a

For each wheel cut fourteen hardwood bars 190 x 30 x 20 mm and halve them together in pairs into seven crosses, each bored 16.2 mm at the crossing. Thread the crosses onto a 16 mm stainless shaft, 40 mm apart centre to centre from 40 mm above the floor, each turned 22.5 degrees from the one below, checked with the protractor, and pin each through. Turn the second wheel's crosses the opposite way, so its spiral is of the other hand. The driven shaft is 425 mm long, the other 375.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu2 vipande
Fimbo ya chuma cha puaFimbo ya chuma cha pua2 vipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Pini iliyopasuliwaPini iliyopasuliwa14 vipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Seti ya patasi za mtiSeti ya patasi za mti
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)
Kipima-pembeKipima-pembe
Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)
8

Set the wheels and the gearing

Stand both shafts in their steps and turn the second so its arms sit 45 degrees between the first's at every level; they must pass each other about 5 mm apart all the way round. Put on the lid. On the driven shaft's top fit the pinion; on the lid screw two hardwood chairs carrying a 12 mm stainless crank shaft with the crown wheel meshing it, and a hardwood crank with a dowel handle. Hold the shafts with collars.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu1 kipande
Fimbo ya chuma cha puaFimbo ya chuma cha pua1 kipande
Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao8 vipande
Shaft CollarShaft Collar4 vipande
Uzi wa PETGUzi wa PETG1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
9

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, one side left off: the two wheels with their seven crossed stations turned in spirals of opposite hand, their arms interlapping, the steps, the lid and the crank with crown wheel and pinion on the driven shaft.
Faili ya UsanifuBLENDCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
10

Churn

Pour about 10 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer, into the box, put the lid and gearing on, and turn the crank steadily, timing it, the way that drives the cream down between the wheels. When the butter comes, lift off the lid and the wheels, take out the butter, tip the buttermilk into a bowl, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, salt and weigh it.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Malai nzitoMalai nzito10 l
Chumvi ya Bahari MbichiChumvi ya Bahari Mbichi1 kipande
MajiMaji1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndaniKipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndani
Saa ya kupima mudaSaa ya kupima muda
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoniMizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Bakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha puaBakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha pua
11

Troubleshooting

Interlapping-dasher churn troubleshooting.

Flow

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12

History and honest limits

**D. M. Woodin** of Brandon, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, US 28,528, 29 May 1860, "Churn". He claimed the two dasher shafts with wings in screw form, one turned by the other. He does not give the number of arms or how far each turns on; our seven stations of four arms, 22.5 degrees apart, and the spacing are ours, as are the printed crown wheel and pinion that stand in for his bevel wheels.

Vifaa

13

Zana Zinazohitajika

17

Faili za muundo

3

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