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UREMBO NA USTAWI
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UTAMADUNI NA HISTORIA
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SAYANSI
MICHEZO
TEKNOLOJIA
VAZI
Metal Oxide Varistor: Zinc Oxide with Bismuth, Manganese and Antimony Oxides, 1350 °C (Masuyama 1972, Ex. 3)
Masuyama, Matsuoka and Nishi found that adding two more oxides to zinc oxide and bismuth oxide gives excellent non-linear properties. This is their Example 3 with manganese dioxide and antimony trioxide: 98.5 % zinc oxide and 0.5 % each of bismuth oxide, manganese dioxide and antimony trioxide by moles, sintered at 1350 °C. The disc measured a C-value of 150 at 1 mA and a nonlinearity exponent n of 27.4.
Source: T. Masuyama, M. Matsuoka and T. Nishi (Matsushita), US 3,663,458 (1972), Example 3. Unknown: how the aluminium is sprayed on and what the silver paint is. The 10 g batch is our arithmetic. Picture: the patent's drawing.
Juu
1 day
Maagizo
1
1
Weigh 98.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 and wet-mill 5 hours
Weigh 98.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 and wet-mill 5 hours
Mix zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, manganese dioxide and antimony trioxide 98.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 by moles. Ours, for 10 g: 9.5 g zinc oxide, 0.276 g bismuth oxide, 0.052 g manganese dioxide, 0.173 g antimony trioxide (our arithmetic). Mill wet for 5 hours, then dry. Unknown: the milling liquid.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Poda ya oksidi ya zinki9.5 g
Oksidi ya bismuthi0.276 g
Dioksidi ya manganizi (pairolusiti)0.052 g
Trioksidi ya antimoni0.173 gZana zinazohitajika:
Mizani ya mizani-mbili
Kinu cha mipira ya chuma
Tanuri la kukaushia2
2
Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm
Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm
Press the powder in a mould into discs 13 mm across and 2.5 mm thick at 340 kg/cm², as in Example 1.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Mashine ya kubana ya haidroliki
Kalibu ya kubana diski
Kalipa ya Vernier3
3
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool
Sinter the discs in air for 1 hour at 1350 °C, then let them cool in the furnace to room temperature (about 15-30 °C).
Zana zinazohitajika:
Tanuri ya muffle4
4
Lap to 10 mm by 1.5 mm
Lap to 10 mm by 1.5 mm
Lap both faces with 600-mesh silicon carbide. The finished disc is 10 mm across and 1.5 mm thick.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Chembechembe za kabidi ya silikoniKalipa ya Vernier5
5
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray a metallised film of aluminium on both faces. Attach a lead wire to each with conductive silver paint. Unknown: the spraying method and the paint.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Kitalu cha alumini1 as required
Rangi ya fedha inayopitisha umeme1 as required
Waya wa Shaba2 vipandeZana zinazohitajika:
Njia isiyojulikana ya kunyunyizia chumaKalipa ya VernierVifaa
7- Kishikilia Nafasi
- 0.276 gKishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- 0.173 gKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 as requiredKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 as requiredKishikilia Nafasi
- 2 vipandeKishikilia Nafasi
Zana Zinazohitajika
9- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
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