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Metal Oxide Varistor: Pure Zinc Oxide at 1400 °C, Bismuth Oxide Paste Fired at 800 °C (Masuyama 1972, Ex. 4)
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Ed

28. Oktoba 2026FI
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Metal Oxide Varistor: Pure Zinc Oxide at 1400 °C, Bismuth Oxide Paste Fired at 800 °C (Masuyama 1972, Ex. 4)

A varistor made the other way round: a disc of pure zinc oxide, sintered, with bismuth oxide fired into its faces from a paste instead of mixed in. Sintered at 1400 °C and fired with the paste at 800 °C, the disc measured a C-value of 85 at 1 mA and a nonlinearity exponent n of 7.2. Masuyama found that firing on the bismuth oxide paste raises n a great deal over mixing it in. Source: T. Masuyama, M. Matsuoka and T. Nishi (Matsushita), US 3,663,458 (1972), Example 4. Unknown: how the aluminium is sprayed on, what the silver paint is, and how strong the epoxy solution of the paste is. The 10 g batch is our arithmetic. Picture: the patent's drawing.
Juu
2 days

Maagizo

1

Press pure zinc oxide at 340 kg/cm²

Press zinc oxide powder at 340 kg/cm². Example 4 gives no disc size; ours: discs 13 mm across and 2.5 mm thick in the mould of Example 1.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Poda ya oksidi ya zinkiPoda ya oksidi ya zinki1 as required

Zana zinazohitajika:

Mizani ya mizani-mbiliMizani ya mizani-mbili
Mashine ya kubana ya haidrolikiMashine ya kubana ya haidroliki
Kalibu ya kubana diskiKalibu ya kubana diski
Kalipa ya VernierKalipa ya Vernier
2

Sinter 1 hour at 1400 °C and cool

Heat the pressed disc for 1 hour at 1400 °C, then let it cool to room temperature.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Tanuri ya muffleTanuri ya muffle
3

Lap both faces

Lap both faces with silicon carbide abrasive. Example 4 gives no thickness.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Chembechembe za kabidi ya silikoniChembechembe za kabidi ya silikoni
Kalipa ya VernierKalipa ya Vernier
4

Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 800 °C

Coat both lapped faces with a paste of 50 % by weight bismuth oxide in a solution of epoxy resin in butyl alcohol, and fire it in air at 800 °C for 30 minutes. The bismuth oxide diffuses into the zinc oxide. Not given: how much paste, or the strength of the epoxy solution.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Oksidi ya bismuthiOksidi ya bismuthi1 as required

Zana zinazohitajika:

Utomvu wa epoksiUtomvu wa epoksi
n-Butanoln-Butanol
Tanuri ya muffleTanuri ya muffle
5

Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads

Spray a metallised film of aluminium on both faces. Attach a lead wire to each with conductive silver paint, as in Example 1. Unknown: the spraying method and the paint.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Kitalu cha aluminiKitalu cha alumini1 as required
Rangi ya fedha inayopitisha umemeRangi ya fedha inayopitisha umeme1 as required
Waya wa ShabaWaya wa Shaba2 vipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Njia isiyojulikana ya kunyunyizia chumaNjia isiyojulikana ya kunyunyizia chuma
Kalipa ya VernierKalipa ya Vernier

Vifaa

5

Zana Zinazohitajika

9

Mchoro huu unatengeneza

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Kishikilia nafasi

Varistor ya oksidi ya chuma (kizuia mshtuko wa volteji)

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Metal Oxide Varistor: Zinc Oxide with 0.2 % Bismuth Oxide, Sintered Disc (Masuyama 1972)

Metal Oxide Varistor: Zinc Oxide with 0.2 % Bismuth Oxide, Sintered Disc (Masuyama 1972)

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