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Metal Oxide Varistor: Zinc Oxide with 0.5 % Ferric Oxide, Bismuth Oxide Paste Fired On (Masuyama 1972, Ex. 5)
A varistor with bismuth oxide fired on from a paste instead of mixed in: 99.5 % zinc oxide with 0.5 % ferric oxide by moles, sintered at 1350 °C, coated with bismuth oxide paste and fired at 800 °C. The disc measured a C-value of 7.6 at 1 mA and a nonlinearity exponent n of 8.8.
Source: T. Masuyama, M. Matsuoka and T. Nishi (Matsushita), US 3,663,458 (1972), Example 5. Unknown: what the silver paint is, and how strong the epoxy solution of the paste is. The spraying is ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999). The 10 g batch is our arithmetic. Picture: the patent's drawing.
Juu
2 days
Maagizo
1
1
Weigh 99.5 : 0.5 and wet-mill 5 hours
Weigh 99.5 : 0.5 and wet-mill 5 hours
Mix zinc oxide and ferric oxide 99.5 : 0.5 by moles. Ours, for 10 g: 9.902 g zinc oxide and 0.098 g ferric oxide (our arithmetic). Mill wet for 5 hours, then dry, as in Example 1. Unknown: the milling liquid.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Poda ya oksidi ya zinki9.902 g
Oksidi ya feri0.098 gZana zinazohitajika:
Mizani ya mizani-mbili
Kinu cha mipira ya chuma
Tanuri la kukaushia2
2
Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm
Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm
Press discs 13 mm across and 2.5 mm thick at 340 kg/cm², as in Example 1.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Mashine ya kubana ya haidroliki
Kalibu ya kubana diski
Kalipa ya Vernier3
3
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool
As in Example 2: sinter in air at 1350 °C for 1 hour and let the discs cool in the furnace.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Tanuri ya muffle4
4
Lap both faces
Lap both faces
Lap both faces with silicon carbide abrasive. Example 5 gives no thickness.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Kalipa ya Vernier5
5
Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 800 °C
Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 800 °C
Coat both lapped faces with a paste of 50 % by weight bismuth oxide in a solution of epoxy resin in butyl alcohol, and fire it in air at 800 °C for 30 minutes. The bismuth oxide diffuses into the zinc oxide. Not given: how much paste, or the strength of the epoxy solution.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Oksidi ya bismuthi1 as requiredZana zinazohitajika:
Utomvu wa epoksi
n-Butanol
Tanuri ya muffle6
6
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray a metallised film of aluminium on both faces. Attach a lead wire to each with conductive silver paint, as in Example 1. Ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999): wire-arc spray the aluminium from two 3.2 mm wires melted by an 18-40 V DC arc and atomised by compressed air, 15-20 cm from the disc and never at less than 45°, in at least two coats at right angles of 50-75 µm each. Unknown: the paint.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Kitalu cha alumini1 as 3.2 mm spray wire
Rangi ya fedha inayopitisha umeme1 as required
Waya wa Shaba2 vipandeZana zinazohitajika:
Kalipa ya Vernier
Bunduki ya kunyunyiza kwa tao la waya
Kibanio hewa cha kiwandaVifaa
6- 9.902 gKishikilia Nafasi
- 0.098 gKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 as requiredKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 as 3.2 mm spray wireKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 as requiredKishikilia Nafasi
- 2 vipandeKishikilia Nafasi
Zana Zinazohitajika
12- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
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