협업

예술

뷰티 및 웰니스

공예

문화 및 역사

엔터테인먼트

환경

음식 및 음료

역공학

과학

스포츠

기술

웨어러블

Saw File: Three-Square, Forged in a Boss, Cut by Hand and Hardened (Ure, 1839)

작성자

Forge

4. 11월 2026

Saw File: Three-Square, Forged in a Boss, Cut by Hand and Hardened (Ure, 1839)

The file for sharpening saw teeth as Sheffield made it by hand: a three-square (triangular) bar of cast steel, not tapering, forged in a V-shaped boss, its teeth cut one by one with a chisel and hammer, then hardened under a coat of animal carbon and salt and quenched in cold spring water. Ure says saw files in particular should be hardened with the carbon mixture, so they will cut iron and steel. Not given: sizes and teeth per inch. Source: A. Ure, Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines (1839), File. Picture: our drawing.

고급

Unknown

안내

Forge the blank

Draw cast steel out square at the forge, then lay it with one angle down in a boss whose recess has two sides meeting at an angle, so the hammer forms one side and the boss the other two. Keep it the same size along its length (saw files are not tapered).

이 단계의 재료:

도가니강1 cast steel bar

알 수 없는 치수1 개

필요한 도구:

대장간 화덕

대장간 집게

하부 스웨이지

망치

큰 망치

Cut the teeth

On an anvil with a flat, even face, hold the file down with a leather strap over each end, the workman's feet in the straps like stirrups. Cut the teeth with a chisel a little broader than the file, sharpened to about 20 degrees, struck with a hammer of 1 to 6 lb. For single cut, run a fine file lightly over the teeth to take off the roughness; for double cut, cut a second set nearly at right angles to the first.

필요한 도구:

강철 모루

가죽끈

정

망치

금속용 줄

Cut the other sides

To cut the next side, lay the file in a piece of lead-tin alloy with an angular groove, so the teeth already cut are not spoiled on the anvil.

필요한 도구:

주석-납 땜납

강철 모루

정

망치

Coat for hardening

Distil shoemakers' and curriers' leather refuse in an iron still and powder the bright coal left. Grind about equal parts by bulk of this carbon and salt to the consistence of cream with water and cover the file with it.

필요한 도구:

철 증류기

소금

물

Harden

Hold the file by the tang in a fire of very small cokes, drawing it out often, until it is an even cherry red from tang to point. Plunge it straight down, quickly, into clear spring water as cold as possible.

필요한 도구:

대장간 화덕

야금용 코크스

대장간 집게

물

Clean and oil

Brush the file with water and powdered cokes until clean and metallic, wash it in two or three waters to take off all the salt, dip it in lime-water, dry it quickly before the fire and oil it while warm with olive oil containing a little oil of turpentine.

필요한 도구:

야금용 코크스

물