Neodymium Magnets, Sample 25: 78Fe-10B-12Nd Sintered (Sagawa 1988)

Neodymium magnets are iron, boron and neodymium. Sagawa's team at Sumitomo melted the three together, ground the casting to a powder finer than 10 µm, lined the grains up in a magnetic field while pressing them, and sintered the compact in argon. This is their sample 25, 78 % iron, 10 % boron and 12 % neodymium by atoms: 6.3 MGOe. Source: M. Sagawa et al. (Sumitomo Special Metals), US 4,770,723 (1988). Unknown: how the pure iron, the ferroboron and the neodymium metal are made; the patent does not say. The magnetising is ours, after Przybylski et al., Sensors 16:569 (2016). The 1 kg weights are our arithmetic from the patent's atomic percentages. Picture: the patent's Fig. 8.