УРЛАГ
ГОО САЙХАН БА ЭРҮҮЛ МЭНД
ГАРААР ХИЙСЭН
СОЁЛ БА ТҮҮХ
ҮЗВЭР НААДАМ
БАЙГАЛЬ ОРЧИН
ХООЛ БА УНДАА
УРВУУ ИНЖЕНЕРЧЛЭЛ
ШИНЖЛЭХ УХААН
СПОРТ
ТЕХНОЛОГИ
ӨМСДӨГ ХЭРЭГСЭЛ
Setting Out a Building: Profiles and Batter Boards
You have pegged out a perfect rectangle. Now the digger arrives and removes every peg in the first ten minutes, because the pegs are exactly where the trench goes.
The answer is older than machinery and completely reliable: move the information OFF the building line. Batter boards — profiles — are horizontal rails set well outside the excavation, carrying saw-cuts or nails that mark where each line runs. Stretch a string between two matching marks and the line reappears, exactly where it was, as many times as you need it.
This rung is the one that turns a survey into a building, and it is the one most often improvised badly. It also carries the levels: the top of the board is usually set to a round height above datum, so a tape from the string gives depth without re-levelling.
Дунд шат
1 day
Зааварчилгаа
1
1
Set the profiles well clear of the dig
Set the profiles well clear of the dig
Drive two stout posts at each corner region, at least a metre and a half outside the building line, and nail a horizontal rail across them.
A metre and a half is a minimum, not a target — an excavator's tracks and its spoil heap need more than people expect, and a profile knocked out of position is worse than no profile, because it still looks authoritative. Put them where the machine will not go, and brace them so a knock moves the whole assembly rather than twisting one post.
Энэ алхмын материал:
Дугласын гацуурын дам нуруу8 length
Цайрдсан хадаас50 ширхэгШаардлагатай багаж:
Хумстай балт
Гар хөрөө2
2
Set every rail to ONE level
Set every rail to ONE level
Using the water level or the optical level, set the top edge of every rail to the same height — ideally a round number above your datum, such as exactly one metre.
Now a single tape measurement down from a string gives you the depth of anything, anywhere on the site, with no arithmetic. Setting the rails at arbitrary heights works for the plan lines and throws away this entire second function, which is most of what profiles are worth.
Шаардлагатай багаж:
Оптик нивелир (геодези)
Тэгшилгээний рейк
Тунгалаг винил хоолой3
3
Transfer the lines onto the rails
Transfer the lines onto the rails
Stretch a string along each building line from its corner pegs, extend it to the rails, and mark where it crosses with a saw-cut — not a pencil mark.
A saw-cut survives rain, mud, gloves and three months. A pencil line does not last a week outdoors. Cut a second mark for the outside of the foundation and a third for the trench edge, and label each one on the rail in paint or with a nailed tag, because by the time you need them you will not remember which is which.
Энэ алхмын материал:
Тэмдэглэх утас100 metreЦайрдсан хадаас30 ширхэгШаардлагатай багаж:
Гар хөрөө
Тэнхлэгийн жин (отвес)4
4
Check the diagonals again, from the profiles
Check the diagonals again, from the profiles
String up all four building lines from the rails and measure the diagonals of the rectangle they form.
This checks the transfer, not the original layout — a saw-cut in the wrong place is easy and invisible. The diagonal check costs two minutes and catches it before anything is dug. Re-check the diagonals every time you re-string, for the whole life of the job, because a rail does get knocked eventually and nothing about a wrong string looks wrong.
Шаардлагатай багаж:
Соронзон хэмжих туузан шугам5
5
Working depths and the tolerance you actually have
Working depths and the tolerance you actually have
Jupyter дэвтэр ачаалж байна…
Шаардлагатай багаж:
Соронзон хэмжих туузан шугам6
6
Leave a record on the site itself
Leave a record on the site itself
Paint the datum height and the rail height on one post, and note them in the book with a sketch showing which corner is which.
Sites change hands, work stops for winter, and the person who returns may not be you. A profile with no stated level is a piece of wood. Two painted numbers turn it back into a survey, and they cost thirty seconds at the moment you still remember what they are.
Материал
3- 8 lengthТүр орлуулагч
- 80 ширхэгТүр орлуулагч
- 100 metreТүр орлуулагч
Шаардлагатай багаж
7- Түр орлуулагч
- Түр орлуулагч
- Түр орлуулагч
- Түр орлуулагч
- Түр орлуулагч
- Түр орлуулагч
- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetТүр орлуулагч
Холбоотой загварууд
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CC0 Нийтийн домэйн
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Загвараар дамжуулан бүтээгдэхүүн худалдаж авч Бүтээгчийг дэмжээрэй Бүтээгчийн шимтгэл Борлуулагчаар тогтоосон, эсвэл энэ загварын шинэ хувилбар үүсгэж орлогоо хуваахын тулд өөрийн загварт холбоос болгон оруулна уу.