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Europium: Oxide Reduced with Lanthanum Turnings at 1200 °C in High Vacuum, Metal Distilled and Melted Down (Ames Laboratory, 1956)
Europium boils far more easily than lanthanum. Heated with lanthanum turnings in a high vacuum, europium oxide gives up its oxygen to the lanthanum and the europium distils off, to be melted down into a tantalum cup under argon.
Result: europium metal, over 90 % yield; it melts below 900 °C and reacts quickly with air and water.
Source: Ames Laboratory, Semi-annual summary research report in chemistry ISC-757 (1956), section 3.1.3. Work at 1200 °C in high vacuum; europium reacts with water. Picture drawn by Youblob.
Ilọsíwájú
2 days
Ìlànà
1
1
Make the charge
Make the charge
Turn lanthanum into turnings and mix them with europium oxide, 5 % more lanthanum than the reaction needs. Compress the mixture into the tantalum reduction crucible. The charge weight is not given.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Yúrópíọ̀mù ọ́sáídì1 one chargeÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Lanthanum
Ohun ìgé ẹ̀rọ ìyí
Ẹ̀rọ ìtẹ̀ háídírọ́líìkì
Ìkòkò yíyọ́ tántálọ́mù2
2
Reduce and distil at about 1200 °C
Reduce and distil at about 1200 °C
Hang the reduction crucible on a wire inside a silica tube, inside an induction coil, above a tantalum crucible standing in a resistance furnace. Pump to a high vacuum and heat the charge to about 1200 °C. Europium distils off (it is already volatile at 1000 °C) and condenses in the delivery tube.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ọpọ́n quartz yíyọ́
Ìléru induction
Ìléru òfo onídènà
Ẹ̀rọ ìfàfẹ́fẹ́jádeÌkòkò yíyọ́ tántálọ́mù3
3
Melt the europium down
Melt the europium down
Let purified argon into the system so the metal stops distilling. Lower the induction coil to melt the europium down out of the delivery tube into the tantalum crucible below. Keep it away from air and water.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
ArgonÌléru inductionÌkòkò yíyọ́ tántálọ́mùÀwọn ohun-èlò
1- 1 one chargeÀyè
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