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Fructose: Invert Sugar Separated with Lime as Calcium Laevulosate
Fructose (laevulose) is the fruit sugar; ordinary sugar is fructose and glucose joined. Thorpe's Dictionary (1912) separates them: invert the sugar with acid, then stir lime into the ice-cold solution. The fructose comes down as calcium laevulosate, which hardly dissolves in ice water, while the glucose stays in solution. Carbon dioxide then frees the fructose. It melts at 95 °C and is sweeter than ordinary sugar.
The picture: our diagram.
Àárín
1–2 days
Ìlànà
1
1
Invert the sugar
Invert the sugar
Warm a sugar solution with a little mineral acid to split it into glucose and fructose (invert sugar). Ours: dilute sulphuric acid, as required.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Ṣúgà funfun1 ẹyọÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Sulfuric acid tí a là
Omi Àyọ́
Ìkòkò ńlá irin tí kò kán
Pátákó Gbígbóná
Gílásì Ààbò Fún Ìfọ́n Kẹ́míkà
Ìbọ̀wọ́ rọ́bà2
2
Remove the acid with baryta
Remove the acid with baryta
Neutralise the acid with baryta (ours: barium oxide) and filter off the barium sulphate. Make the invert sugar up to a 10 % solution.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Barium oxide
Bébà tí ń ṣàfihàn pH
Kọ́nfù Gílásì Onípọ̀n
Bébà Ìsẹ́
Òǹwọ̀n ìdọ́gba3
3
Lime it ice-cold
Lime it ice-cold
Ice-cold, add 6 g finely powdered slaked lime to every 100 cc and stir, with the vessel standing in ice water, until the milky liquid turns creamy. The fructose comes down as calcium laevulosate; the glucose stays dissolved.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Ẹfun tí a pa6 g per 100 mlÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ago Gílásì Tí Ń Kojú Ooru
Yìnyín tí a gún
Ẹ̀rọ Ìwọ̀n Ooru Yàrá Ìwádìí4
4
Filter and press
Filter and press
Filter through linen and press hard to get rid of most of the liquid.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Aṣọ ọ̀gbọ̀
Ẹ̀rọ ìfún aṣọ oníkọ́kọ́rọ́5
5
Free the fructose with carbon dioxide
Free the fructose with carbon dioxide
Suspend the pressed mass in water and pass in carbon dioxide. Filter, then evaporate the solution under vacuum over sulphuric acid: anhydrous fructose remains.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Gáàsì carbon dioxideOmi Àyọ́Kọ́nfù Gílásì Onípọ̀nBébà Ìsẹ́
Ẹ̀rọ ìfàfẹ́fẹ́jáde
Sulfuric acid tí ó nípọnÀwọn ohun-èlò
2- 1 ẹyọÀyè
- 6 g per 100 mlÀyè
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tó nílò
19- Àyè
- Àyè
- Àyè
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