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Ṣiṣe Aise Apple cider Kikan nipasẹ Wild bakteria
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1. Oṣù Karún 2026GB
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Ṣiṣe Aise Apple cider Kikan nipasẹ Wild bakteria

Kikan jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ọja fermented atijọ julọ ti ẹda eniyan - ẹri ti onimowa-aye daba lilo rẹ o kere ju ọdun 7,000 sẹhin. Ọrọ 'kikan' wa lati atijọ Faransevin aigre('ekan waini'), eyi ti o ṣe apejuwe ilana naa daradara: ọti-waini ti wa ni fermented nipasẹ acetic acid kokoro arun (Acetobacter) sinu acetic acid. Eyikeyi ọti-lile le di kikan - ọti-waini ọti-waini, kikan malt, iresi kikan, ati apple cider vinegar gbogbo tẹle biochemistry kanna.

Apple cider vinegar (ACV) jẹ eyiti o rọrun julọ fun iṣelọpọ ile nitori ilana naa ko nilo ohun elo pataki, ko si awọn aṣa ti o ra, ko si si iṣakoso iwọn otutu gangan. Awọn iwukara igbẹ lori awọn awọ apple nmu suga sinu ọti-lile (cider), lẹhinna eganAcetobacterlati afẹfẹ yi oti pada sinu acetic acid (kikan). Gbogbo ilana naa ni ṣiṣe nipasẹ awọn microorganisms ti o nwaye nipa ti ara - o ti n ṣẹlẹ laipẹkan ni gbogbo agbegbe ti o ndagba apple lati igba ti awọn eso apple ti wa.

Alagbede bọtini ni 'iya ti kikan' — biofilm cellulose ti a ṣe nipasẹ Acetobacterti o ṣe disiki kan lori oju ti omi mimu. Eleyi rubbery, disiki translucent jẹ aṣa symbiotic ti o ngbe ti o le gbe lọ si awọn ipele tuntun lainidii, ni pato bi ibẹrẹ ekan.

Olùbẹ̀rẹ̀
Ọsẹ 4-8 (bakteria)

Ìlànà

1

Yan ati ṣeto awọn apples

Lo eyikeyi oniruuru ti apples - idapọ ti didùn, tart, ati awọn orisirisi kikoro ni o nmu kikan ti o ni idiwọn julọ. Awọn apples ti afẹfẹ (ti ṣubu lati igi) jẹ apẹrẹ - wọn ni ominira, nigbagbogbo ni ọgbẹ fun jijẹ, ati awọ ara wọn gbe iwukara igbẹ lọpọlọpọ. Ge awọn apakan ti o ti bajẹ kuro ṣugbọn maṣe ṣe aniyan nipa awọn abawọn ohun ikunra, ọgbẹ diẹ, tabi ibajẹ alajerun. Maṣe yọ awọn apples - awọ ara n gbe iwukara igbẹ ti o nmu bakteria.

Wọ awọn apples ni ṣoki lati yọ idoti ati idoti kuro, ṣugbọn maṣe yọọ kuro ni ibinu - o fẹ lati tọju itanna iwukara (apo funfun ti erupẹ ti o han lori awọn awọ apple ti a ko fọ). Ge awọn apples sinu awọn ege kekere (2-3 cm) pẹlu awọn ohun kohun ati awọn irugbin. O nilo iwọn 2-3 kg ti awọn eso apple ti a ge lati gbe 1 lita ti kikan ti o pari.

Materials for this step:

AppleApple3 kg

Tools needed:

Sharp Kitchen KnifeSharp Kitchen Knife
2

Jade oje naa ki o bẹrẹ bakteria ọti-lile

Gbe awọn eso apple ti a ge sinu gilasi mimọ tabi apoti ṣiṣu ti o ni ipele ounjẹ (kii ṣe irin - acetic acid ba awọn irin pupọ julọ jẹ). Bo pẹlu omi titi ti awọn ege apple yoo kan submerged. Fi 1-2 tablespoons gaari fun lita ti omi lati ṣe alekun akoonu suga akọkọ ati rii daju pe bakteria ọti-lile ti o lagbara (diẹ ọti-waini → diẹ sii acetic acid → kikan ti o lagbara sii)

Bo eiyan pẹlu asọ tabi aṣọ toweli iwe ti o ni ifipamo pẹlu okun roba - eyi ngbanilaaye gbigbe afẹfẹ (eyiti Acetobacteryoo nilo nigbamii) lakoko ti o tọju ni.sec. Fi si ibi ti o gbona ati dudu (18-28 ° C). Laarin awọn ọjọ 2-5, iwọ yoo rii awọn nyoju ti n dagba lori awọn aaye apple - eyi ni iwukara igbẹ ti n yi suga pada si oti. Rọru lojoojumọ lati wọ eyikeyi awọn ege apple lilefoofo (idinamọ mimu).

Materials for this step:

White SugarWhite Sugar50 g

Tools needed:

Fermentation BucketFermentation Bucket
Clean Cotton ClothClean Cotton Cloth
Rubber BandsRubber Bands
Wooden Stirring StickWooden Stirring Stick
3

Igara ati bẹrẹ bakteria acetic

Lẹhin ọsẹ 2-3, bubbling yoo fa fifalẹ ni pataki - bakteria ọti-lile ti pari pupọ. Omi yẹ ki o ṣe itọwo bi inira, cider gbẹ - ọti-lile ṣugbọn ko sibẹsibẹ ekan. Ṣiṣan omi naa nipasẹ asọ ti o dara, fun pọ pọnti apple lati fa gbogbo oje naa jade. Jabọ awọn pulp (tabi compost o)

Tú omi ti o ni wahala sinu idẹ tabi iyẹfun ti o ni fifẹ. Ibeere bọtini: agbegbe ti o pọju ti o farahan si afẹfẹ. Acetobacterjẹ awọn kokoro arun aerobic (atẹgun ti o nilo) - wọn le yi ọti pada si acetic acid ni iwaju atẹgun. Apoti ti o gbooro, aijinile ṣiṣẹ daradara pupọ ju igo giga, dín lọ. Bo pẹlu asọ ati aabo. Gbe si ibi ti o gbona (20-30°C dara julọ fun Acetobacter).

Tools needed:

Classifier Sieve (mesh screen)Classifier Sieve (mesh screen)
Ceramic Fermentation CrockCeramic Fermentation Crock
Clean Cotton ClothClean Cotton Cloth
4

Kiyesi iya ti kikan lara

Laarin ọsẹ 1-2 ti igara, fiimu tinrin, translucent yoo han lori oju omi naa. Eyi ni iya ti kikan - biofilm cellulose ti a ṣe nipasẹAcetobacter acetiati awọn eya ti o jọmọ. Ni awọn ọsẹ to nbọ, o nipọn sinu rubbery, disiki ti o dabi pancake ti o le de sisanra 1 cm. O le dabi enipe - grẹy, gelatinous, nigbamiran pẹlu brown tabi funfun awọn abulẹ - ṣugbọn o jẹ ẹrọ igbesi aye ti iṣelọpọ ọti kikan.

Maṣe yọ iya naa lẹnu. Gbigbe eiyan naa tabi fifa fiimu naa nfa ileto kokoro arun duro ati fa fifalẹ bakteria. Ti iya ba rì (eyi ti o ma nwaye nigbakanna ti o ba wuwo pupọ), titun kan yoo dagba ni oju. Iya ti o sun naa tẹsiwaju lati ṣe alabapin ṣugbọn ko ṣiṣẹ daradara ju ileto dada lọ. Omi to wa nisalẹ yoo di ekan diẹ sii bi ọti naa ṣe yipada si acetic acid.

5

Idanwo ati igo kikan naa

Lẹhin awọn ọsẹ 4-8 ti bakteria acetic, ṣe itọwo kikan (ṣọra - kikan ti o lagbara le binu ọfun). O yẹ ki o ṣe itọwo ekan pẹlu adun apple eka kan. Ti o ba tun dun ọti-lile, gba akoko diẹ sii. Ti o ba dun alapin tabi musty, bakteria le ti da duro - rii daju pe ifihan afẹfẹ deedee ati igbona.

Nigbati adun ati acidity ba baamu ifẹ rẹ, fa kikan naa nipasẹ asọ sinu awọn igo mimọ. Awọn igo gilasi ti o ni awọn ideri ti kii ṣe irin jẹ apẹrẹ (awọn fila ṣiṣu, koki, tabi awọn idaduro gilasi - rara awọn bọtini skru irin ti yoo baje). Kikan yoo tẹsiwaju lati dagbasoke adun laiyara lori awọn oṣu ti ogbo ninu igo naa. Aise, ACV ti a ko pasitẹri yoo ni idagbasoke nipa ti ara kekere iya ninu igo - eyi jẹ deede ati tọka ọja laaye.

Tools needed:

Classifier Sieve (mesh screen)Classifier Sieve (mesh screen)
Dark Glass Bottle (250 ml, sealable)Dark Glass Bottle (250 ml, sealable)
6

Fi iya pamọ fun awọn ipele iwaju

Ìyá kíkan jẹ́ àṣà ààyè tí a lè lò títí ayérayé. Fipamọ sinu idẹ gilasi kan pẹlu diẹ ninu kikan (acidity ṣe idilọwọ ibajẹ). Lati bẹrẹ ipele tuntun kan: gbe iya si oju ti cider titun tabi eyikeyi omi ọti-waini ati ki o bo pẹlu asọ. Iya ti iṣeto ni iyara bakteria bosipo - ipele tuntun pẹlu iya ti o dagba le de ọdọ acidity ni kikun ni ọsẹ 2-3 dipo 6-8.

O tun le pin iya naa: ge nkan kan fun awọn ọrẹ tabi awọn aladugbo (o tun pada yarayara). Ni aṣa, awọn iya ti kikan ni a tọju fun awọn ọdun mẹwa ni awọn idile ati awọn agbegbe, bii awọn ibẹrẹ ekan - ẹda alãye kan ti n kọja lati iran de iran, ipele kọọkan ti n gbe ohun-ini microbial ti gbogbo awọn fermentations iṣaaju.

Tools needed:

Glass Sample Vial (50ml)Glass Sample Vial (50ml)

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