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Building a Methane Gas Leak Detector
Ed

Nilikha ni

Ed

13. Hulyo 2026FI
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Building a Methane Gas Leak Detector

Build a circuit that sniffs out methane — the main component of natural gas — and alarms when it rises. An MQ-4 sensor's reading climbs when combustible gas is present; the Arduino compares it to clean air and triggers a buzzer and red LED. A great combustible-gas sensing project — with two honest notes: methane is flammable, and this is a demonstration, NOT a certified gas-leak detector.

Katamtaman
1-2 hours

Mga Tagubilin

1

Wire the sensor, buzzer and LED

On the breadboard: MQ-4 VCC to Arduino 5V, GND to GND, and its analog output (AOUT) to A0. Active buzzer + to pin 8, - to GND. Red LED anode to pin 7 through a 330 Ω resistor, cathode to GND.

Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:

Arduino Uno R3Arduino Uno R31 piraso
Methane CNG Gas Sensor - MQ-4Methane CNG Gas Sensor - MQ-41 piraso
Modyul ng aktibong buzzerModyul ng aktibong buzzer1 piraso
LED - Basic 5mmLED - Basic 5mm1 piraso
Resistor 330 Ohm 1/6 Watt PTH - 20 packResistor 330 Ohm 1/6 Watt PTH - 20 pack1 pakete
BreadboardBreadboard1 piraso
Jumper Wires (Male-to-Male)Jumper Wires (Male-to-Male)1 pakete
2

Connect and open the IDE

Plug the Arduino into your computer with the USB cable, open the Arduino IDE, and select Arduino Uno and its serial port.

Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:

USB-B CableUSB-B Cable1 piraso

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Kompyuter na May Arduino IDEKompyuter na May Arduino IDE
3

Upload the detector sketch

Paste this sketch and upload. It warms the sensor, records a clean-air baseline, then sounds the buzzer and lights the LED whenever the reading rises above that baseline.

methane_detector.inoarduino
// Methane / natural-gas leak INDICATOR using an MQ-4 sensor.
// NOT a certified gas-leak detector - see the safety note. Methane is flammable.
// MQ-4 analog output on A0; buzzer on pin 8; red warning LED on pin 7.

const int MQ4_PIN = A0;
const int BUZZER_PIN = 8;
const int LED_PIN = 7;

int cleanAirValue = 0;          // baseline, measured at startup
const int ALARM_MARGIN = 150;   // how far above baseline triggers the alarm

void setup() {
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);

  Serial.println("Warming up the MQ-4 (2 min) in clean air...");
  delay(120000);
  cleanAirValue = analogRead(MQ4_PIN);
  Serial.print("Clean-air baseline: ");
  Serial.println(cleanAirValue);
}

void loop() {
  int reading = analogRead(MQ4_PIN);
  Serial.println(reading);

  if (reading > cleanAirValue + ALARM_MARGIN) {
    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);      // combustible gas above baseline -> alarm
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, HIGH);
  } else {
    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
  }
  delay(500);
}
4

Warm up, baseline and test SAFELY

Power it in fresh air and let the 2-minute warm-up set the baseline (a new MQ-4 also needs a 24–48 h burn-in). Test with only a TINY controlled source in a well-ventilated room — a brief puff of gas from an UNLIT lighter held near the sensor. NEVER test with a real gas leak, a large amount of gas, or anywhere near a flame or spark. Adjust ALARM_MARGIN for sensitivity.

5

Safety limits

Methane is highly flammable and, in enough concentration, explosive. This circuit is a LEARNING project and at best a supplementary indicator — it is NOT a certified gas-leak detector: the hobby MQ-4 gives a relative reading, not calibrated ppm, drifts, and needs re-baselining. For real protection use a certified natural-gas detector, and if you ever smell gas, do not switch anything on or off — leave and call your gas utility.

Mga Materyales

8

Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan

2
Tinatayang Kabuuan
Ang binili ng gumawa. Ang mga materyales na walang presyo ay kukunin mo kung saan ka bibili.
$54.23

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CC0 Pampublikong Domain

Ang blueprint na ito ay inilabas sa ilalim ng CC0. Malaya kang kumopya, magbago, mamahagi, at gumamit nang walang pahintulot.

Suportahan ang Maker sa pamamagitan ng pagbili ng mga produkto sa kanilang Blueprint Komisyon ng Maker itinakda ng mga Vendor, o lumikha ng bagong bersyon ng Blueprint na ito at isama bilang koneksyon sa iyong Blueprint upang ibahagi ang kita.

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