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Ethanol 95 %: Wine Distilled, Rectified and Dried over Potash
Strong alcohol is wine distilled again and again. Andrew Ure (1839): simple redistillation over a water bath takes it to a specific gravity of 0.825, still about 11 % water; to go further, distil it over dry carbonate of potash, which holds back water. Stop at 95 % by volume, a hydrometer reading of about 0.81 at 20 °C.
The picture: a copper still over a brick fireplace in the distillery of the Westphalian Open-Air Museum, Hagen.
Abantado
Two days
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Distil the wine
Distil the wine
Fill the alembic two thirds with wine and distil slowly through the cooled coil. Throw away the first small runnings (our choice). Collect until what comes over no longer tastes of spirit: these are the low wines.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Bino10 litro
Tubig1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Alembikong tanso
Ikid ng kondensador
Basong Salamin na Pang-agham
Pamatay-apoy2
2
Redistil over a water bath
Redistil over a water bath
Put the low wines in the retort, set it in a pot of water and heat the water, not the retort. Collect the spirit while the vapour stays under about 80 °C. Repeat until the hydrometer reads about 0.825, Ure's limit for plain redistillation.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Retorta na salamin
Malaking kaldero (ibaba, para sa paliguan ng tubig)
Pang-init na Plato
Termometrong PanlaboratoryoIkid ng kondensador
HydrometerPamatay-apoy3
3
Dry the potash
Dry the potash
Heat the potassium carbonate in a crucible until it is quite dry and let it cool covered.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Potassium carbonate (potas)200 gMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Krisol na Luwad na Matibay sa Apoy
Pugon na Uling4
4
Distil over the potash
Distil over the potash
Stir the dry potash into the spirit in the retort; it takes up water and settles as a heavy lower layer. Distil again from the water bath and check each portion with the hydrometer.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Retorta na salaminMalaking kaldero (ibaba, para sa paliguan ng tubig)Pang-init na PlatoIkid ng kondensadorHydrometer
Salamin Laban sa Tilamsik ng KemikalPamatay-apoy5
5
Keep it at 95 %
Keep it at 95 %
Keep the portions that read about 0.811 at 20 °C (95 % by volume) and bottle them stoppered; strong alcohol draws water from the air.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Hydrometer
Mga boteng salamin na may tapon6
6
Reading the hydrometer
Reading the hydrometer
Naglo-load ng Jupyter notebook…
7
7
Limits
Limits
The redistillation, the 0.825 limit and the potash are Ure's; the quantities, the 80 °C guide and throwing away the first runnings are ours. Densities from Wikipedia. The vapour burns: no open flame near the receiver.
Mga Materyales
3- 10 litroPlaceholder
- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
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Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
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