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Isopropyl Alcohol from Propene and Water
Isopropyl alcohol is made mainly by adding water to propene (propylene). In direct hydration, more common in Europe, propene of over 90 % purity and water react at high pressure over a solid acid catalyst. (The indirect route, common in the USA, goes through sulphate esters made with sulphuric acid, and a third route hydrogenates acetone.) The alcohol is then separated by distillation, but isopropyl alcohol and water form an azeotrope: plain distillation stops at 87.9 % alcohol and 12.1 % water. Dry alcohol is made by azeotropic distillation with an entrainer such as cyclohexane.
Abantado
Continuous (industrial)
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Hydrate
Hydrate
Feed propene (over 90 % pure) and water into the reactor at high pressure over the solid acid catalyst.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Propene (gas na propylene)1 as required
Tubig1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Reaktor ng hydration na mataas ang presyon
Solidong asidong catalyst2
2
Distil
Distil
Distil the product to separate the alcohol from water and by-products; it comes over as the azeotrope, 87.9 % isopropyl alcohol.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Distillation column assembly3
3
Dry
Dry
Distil again with cyclohexane as the entrainer to carry the remaining water off and leave dry isopropyl alcohol.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Cyclohexane (siklohexano)1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Distillation column assemblyMga Materyales
3- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
3- Placeholder
- Placeholder
- Placeholder
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