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Litmus Paper from Dye Lichen
Litmus is a blue dye from lichens that turns red in acid and back to blue in alkali. The lichen is ground with sodium carbonate and ammonia and stirred for about four weeks while it turns from red through purple to blue; alcohol then takes out the red orcein. Unsized paper soaked in the blue litmus and dried is litmus paper.
The picture: strips of litmus paper, blue at one end and turned red at the other.
Katamtaman
About four weeks
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Grind the lichen
Grind the lichen
Grind dry dye lichen in a mortar with a solution of washing soda and household ammonia, then put it in a crock (our quantities: 100 g lichen, 20 g washing soda, 0.5 L ammonia solution).
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Lumot-bato na pantina (naglalabas ng orchil)100 g
Sodang panlaba20 g
Solusyong ammonia na pambahay0.5 litroMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Almires at Panghalo
Tapayan ng pagpapaasim
Timbangang panimbang
Gwantes na goma
Salamin Laban sa Tilamsik ng Kemikal2
2
Stir for four weeks
Stir for four weeks
Cover the crock and stir now and then. The colour goes from red to purple and finally blue in about four weeks.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Tapayan ng pagpapaasim
Panghalong Salamin3
3
Take out the orcein
Take out the orcein
Work the blue mass with alcohol and pour the alcohol off with the red orcein it dissolves, until it no longer runs red. The blue litmus stays.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Etanol - antas laboratoryo, 95 %0.3 litroMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Basong Salamin na Pang-aghamPanghalong SalaminGwantes na gomaSalamin Laban sa Tilamsik ng Kemikal4
4
Dye the paper
Dye the paper
Stir the litmus into water, let it settle and pour the clear blue off. Cut unsized filter paper into strips and soak them in it.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Tubig0.5 litro
Papel na Pansala10 pilyegoMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Basong Salamin na Pang-agham
Gunting5
5
Dry and store
Dry and store
Dry the strips on a rack away from acid or ammonia fumes, which would colour them, and keep them in a closed jar (our care).
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Pantuyuang Estante
Garapong Salamin6
6
What the colour change tells you
What the colour change tells you
Naglo-load ng Jupyter notebook…
Mga Materyales
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- 20 gPlaceholder
- 0.5 litroPlaceholder
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- 0.5 litroPlaceholder
- 10 pilyegoPlaceholder
Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
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