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Nichrome Wire: Nickel and Chromium Fused, Drawn and Annealed
Nichrome is the heating wire of toasters and irons. Albert Marsh patented it in 1906: nickel with less than 25 % chromium, drawn into wire and annealed, with about fifty times the resistance of copper and great resistance to oxidation when hot. Iron, he wrote, will not do. Elwood Haynes (1907) fused pure, carbon-free nickel and chromium in a magnesia crucible under an oxyhydrogen flame. White heat: face shield and gloves.
The picture: Marsh's patent drawing, a rheostat wound with the alloy (US 811,859).
Abantado
3 days
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Weigh 85 nickel to 15 chromium
Weigh 85 nickel to 15 chromium
Cut 85 g of nickel sheet into small pieces and weigh 15 g of chromium: Marsh's own example. Both must be pure and free of carbon.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Manipis na nikel85 g
Metal na Kromyum15 gMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Panggunting ng metal
Timbangang panimbang2
2
Fuse under the oxyhydrogen flame
Fuse under the oxyhydrogen flame
Put the metals in a magnesia crucible, set it in a furnace lined with magnesia, and heat it with the oxyhydrogen blowpipe until both have melted together.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Krusibol na Magnesia
Oksido ng magnesiyo
Oksihidrohenong Blowpipe
Sipit ng Krisol
Panangga sa Mukha
Gwantes na Katad3
3
Cast a rod
Cast a rod
Pour the alloy into a narrow mould to get a rod that will start in the largest hole of the drawplate.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Hulmahan ng lingoteSipit ng KrisolPanangga sa MukhaGwantes na Katad4
4
Draw and anneal
Draw and anneal
Draw the rod down through the drawplate one hole at a time, as in the drawplate blueprint, and anneal it in the furnace whenever it gets hard. Marsh gives no annealing temperature. Stop at 0.41 mm (0.016 in).
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Plakang panghila ng kawad na asero
Panipit na panghila
Pampadulas sa paghila ng kawad
Pugon na Uling
MikrometroGwantes na Katad5
5
Check the resistance
Check the resistance
Measure one metre with the multimeter. Marsh's 15 % wire of this size measured about 2.3 ohms per foot, which is 7.5 ohms per metre.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
MultimetroMga Materyales
2- 85 gPlaceholder
- 15 gPlaceholder
Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
15- Placeholder
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Kaugnay na Blueprint
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