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PET Resin: Terephthalic Acid and Ethylene Glycol, Whinfield and Dickson
PET (polyethylene terephthalate) was invented by Whinfield and Dickson, whose patent (US 2,465,319, 1949) gives this first example: boil terephthalic acid in ethylene glycol until it dissolves, wash and dry the glycol ester, then heat it at 280 °C under nitrogen until it is a viscous polymer that melts at 254–255 °C and can be drawn into fibre. The melt is extruded and cut into chips (pellets) for moulding and spinning.
The picture: our diagram.
Abantado
About 4 days
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Boil the acid in glycol
Boil the acid in glycol
Reflux 50 g terephthalic acid with 89 g ethylene glycol for about 72 hours, until it has all dissolved. This makes glycol terephthalate.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Terephthalic Acid50 g
Ethylene glycol89 gMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Timbangang panimbang
Prasko na bilog ang ilalim
Ikid ng kondensador
Pang-init na Plato2
2
Wash and dry the ester
Wash and dry the ester
Wash the glycol terephthalate with water and dry it under vacuum.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Distiladong Tubig
Embudong Salamin na May Tangkay
Papel na Pansala
Bombang panghigop ng hangin3
3
Heat at 280 °C under nitrogen
Heat at 280 °C under nitrogen
Melt it and heat at 280 °C for 8½ hours in a slow stream of nitrogen: no air may reach it. It grows thick as it polymerises.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Prasko na bilog ang ilalim
Pang-init na Plato
Thermocouple na may basahan
Silindro ng Nitrogen
Guwantes na Matibay sa Init
Salamin Laban sa Tilamsik ng Kemikal4
4
Test for cold-drawing
Test for cold-drawing
Pull a thread from the melt with a rod and let it cool. It is ready when the cold thread can be stretched to several times its length. The finished polymer melts at 254–255 °C.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Panghalong Salamin
Guwantes na Matibay sa Init5
5
Extrude and cut into chips
Extrude and cut into chips
Extrude the molten polymer, let it cool, and cut it into chips (pellets).
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Extruder ng plastik
Pelletizer
Guwantes na Matibay sa InitMga Materyales
2- Placeholder
- 89 gPlaceholder
Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
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- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetPlaceholder
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