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Petroleum Jelly: Vacuum Residue Filtered Warm Through Bone Black
Petroleum jelly (petrolatum, vaseline) is what is left of crude oil after the lighter parts are distilled off, cleaned by filtering it warm through bone black. The 1907 US Dispensatory and Thorpe (1913) describe the process: the first colourless runnings become petroleum jelly, and the later, darker filtrate is cylinder oil.
The picture: white petrolatum (Wikimedia Commons).
Abantado
Several days
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Distil off the light cuts
Distil off the light cuts
Distil crude oil in an atmospheric column and draw off the lighter cuts. Keep the residue from the bottom.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Krudong langis1 tMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Kolum ng distilasyon sa atmospera2
2
Reduce under vacuum
Reduce under vacuum
Distil the residue further under vacuum, heated by coils carrying superheated steam, not by direct fire. Done right, the reduced oil reaches a fire-test of 337.7 °C (640 °F) without any burnt smell.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Vacuum na kolum ng distilasyon
Bombang panghigop ng hangin3
3
Filter warm through bone black
Filter warm through bone black
Melt the reduced oil and run it onto steam-jacketed filters of fine, granular, well-dried bone black, kept at 43.3–54.4 °C (110–130 °F).
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Filter na may steam jacket
Itim mula sa buto
Thermocouple na may basahan4
4
Keep the clear runnings
Keep the clear runnings
The first filtrate is colourless; it then turns straw or lemon, and finally red. Keep the clear runnings for petroleum jelly. The red filtrate is cylinder oil, a lubricant.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Filter na may steam jacket
Lata5
5
Set the melting point
Set the melting point
If the jelly is too soft, stir pure block paraffin into the warm oil until it has the right melting point. It dissolves completely. Pour it into tins to set.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Kandilang paraffin1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Thermocouple na may basahanLataMga Materyales
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- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
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