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Styrene: Ethylbenzene and Steam over a Magnesia-Iron Oxide Catalyst
Charlie

Nilikha ni

Charlie

20. Oktubre 2026DE
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Styrene: Ethylbenzene and Steam over a Magnesia-Iron Oxide Catalyst

Styrene is ethylbenzene with two hydrogen atoms taken off, the 'S' in ABS. Kearby's process (US 2,395,875, 1946) passes the hydrocarbon with plenty of steam over a catalyst of magnesia with iron oxide and a little potassium and copper oxide at 1100–1300 °F (about 590–700 °C). The steam dilutes the vapour and burns off coke, and the catalyst is regenerated every few hours. The patent's worked figures are for butene; for ethylbenzene it gives these general conditions, which we use. The picture: our diagram.
Abantado
Continuous

Mga Tagubilin

1

Make the catalyst

Mix magnesia with ferric nitrate solution, adding ammonia to precipitate all the iron as hydroxide. Wash, then mix in copper nitrate and potassium nitrate solutions. Dry, heat to 1000 °F (about 540 °C) and press into pills. Aim for about 72.4 % MgO, 18.4 % Fe2O3, 4.6 % K2O and 4.6 % CuO (amounts as required).

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Oksido ng magnesiyoOksido ng magnesiyo
Ferric nitrateFerric nitrate
Solusyon ng ammonia - 25-28 %Solusyon ng ammonia - 25-28 %
Copper nitrateCopper nitrate
Potassium nitrate (salitre)Potassium nitrate (salitre)
Distiladong TubigDistiladong Tubig
Embudong Büchner (porselana)Embudong Büchner (porselana)
Papel na PansalaPapel na Pansala
Hurnong pantuyoHurnong pantuyo
Muffle furnaceMuffle furnace
Pill pressPill press
Timbangang panimbangTimbangang panimbang
Salamin Laban sa Tilamsik ng KemikalSalamin Laban sa Tilamsik ng Kemikal
Gwantes na gomaGwantes na goma
2

Pass ethylbenzene and steam over it

Fill a tube reactor with the pills and hold it at 1100–1300 °F (about 590–700 °C). Feed ethylbenzene vapour with 4 to 8 volumes of steam per volume, at 100–1000 volumes of hydrocarbon per volume of catalyst an hour.

Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:

EthylbenzeneEthylbenzene1 piraso

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Fixed-bed na tubular reactorFixed-bed na tubular reactor
Boiler ng singawBoiler ng singaw
Bomba sa paglilipatBomba sa paglilipat
Thermocouple na may basahanThermocouple na may basahan
3

Regenerate every few hours

After ½ to 7 hours, shut off the hydrocarbon and pass steam, air or both through the catalyst at 1100–1300 °F to burn off the coke, then resume.

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Boiler ng singawBoiler ng singaw
Fixed-bed na tubular reactorFixed-bed na tubular reactor
Thermocouple na may basahanThermocouple na may basahan
4

Condense and distil

Ours: condense the product, run off the water layer, and distil the styrene from the unchanged ethylbenzene, which goes back to the reactor (the patent recycles it).

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Ikid ng kondensadorIkid ng kondensador
Embudong panghiwalayEmbudong panghiwalay
Vacuum na kolum ng distilasyonVacuum na kolum ng distilasyon

Mga Materyales

1
  • 2
    Ethylbenzene
    1 piraso
    Placeholder

Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan

21

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Styrene

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Ethylbenzene: Ethylene Bubbled through Benzene over an Aluminium Chloride Complex
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Ethylbenzene: Ethylene Bubbled through Benzene over an Aluminium Chloride Complex

ni CharlieDE

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CC0 Pampublikong Domain

Ang blueprint na ito ay inilabas sa ilalim ng CC0. Malaya kang kumopya, magbago, mamahagi, at gumamit nang walang pahintulot.

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