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Tool-Steel Bar: Crucible Steel Drawn Out at a Cherry-Red Heat
Sheffield poured its crucible cast steel into octagonal or rectangular iron moulds and drew the ingots out into rods under the tilt hammer. That bar, eight-sided or square, was the stock for chisels, punches, files and blades. Andrew Ure's 1839 warning still holds: this steel must not go much above a cherry-red heat, or it turns brittle.
The picture: a water-driven tilt hammer at Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet, Sheffield.
Abantado
A day at the forge
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Heat gently to cherry red
Heat gently to cherry red
Bring the crucible-steel ingot up slowly in the forge to a cherry-red heat and no hotter. Ure: in its usual state cast steel will not bear much more without becoming brittle, and it will not take a welding heat.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Asero ng krisol2 kg
Uling1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Pandayan ng panday
Sipit ng panday
Mga guwantes sa paghihinang
Delantal na Katad
Salaming pangkaligtasan2
2
Draw out a billet
Draw out a billet
On the anvil, with a striker on the sledge, draw the ingot out square, turning it a quarter after each pair of blows. Reheat as soon as the colour drops below red; never hammer it cold. Stop at a square billet of the size you need, or carry on drawing it flat into a rectangular bar for axe heads and picks.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Uling1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Palihan
Mabigat na maso
Martilyong pahalang ang tulisSipit ng pandayMga guwantes sa paghihinangDelantal na KatadSalaming pangkaligtasan3
3
Knock the corners to an octagon
Knock the corners to an octagon
For octagon bar, set the square bar on a corner and hammer the four corners down evenly until all eight faces are equal, finishing in the matching groove of a swage block.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
PalihanMartilyong pahalang ang tulis
Bloke ng hulmahan na butas-butasSipit ng pandayMga guwantes sa paghihinangDelantal na KatadSalaming pangkaligtasan4
4
Check and cool slowly
Check and cool slowly
Check the size across the flats with a caliper, then let the bar cool slowly in the dying forge (our choice, to leave it soft for cutting and filing).
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Digital na Kalibrador 6 PulgadaPandayan ng pandayMga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
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