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Metal Oxide Varistor: Pure Zinc Oxide at 1350 °C, Bismuth Oxide Paste Fired at 1300 °C (Masuyama 1972, Ex. 4)
A varistor made the other way round: a disc of pure zinc oxide, sintered, with bismuth oxide fired into its faces from a paste instead of mixed in. Sintered at 1350 °C and fired with the paste at 1300 °C, the disc measured a C-value of 24 at 1 mA and a nonlinearity exponent n of 2.6. Masuyama found that firing on the bismuth oxide paste raises n a great deal over mixing it in.
Source: T. Masuyama, M. Matsuoka and T. Nishi (Matsushita), US 3,663,458 (1972), Example 4. Unknown: what the silver paint is, and how strong the epoxy solution of the paste is. The spraying is ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999). The 10 g batch is our arithmetic. Picture: the patent's drawing.
Abantado
2 days
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Press pure zinc oxide at 340 kg/cm²
Press pure zinc oxide at 340 kg/cm²
Press zinc oxide powder at 340 kg/cm². Example 4 gives no disc size; ours: discs 13 mm across and 2.5 mm thick in the mould of Example 1.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Pulbos ng Zinc Oxide1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Timbangang panimbang
Haydroliko na pandiin
Hulmahan sa pagpindot ng disk
Kalipers na Vernier2
2
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and cool
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and cool
Heat the pressed disc for 1 hour at 1350 °C, then let it cool to room temperature.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Muffle furnace3
3
Lap both faces
Lap both faces
Lap both faces with silicon carbide abrasive. Example 4 gives no thickness.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Butil ng silicon carbideKalipers na Vernier4
4
Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 1300 °C
Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 1300 °C
Coat both lapped faces with a paste of 50 % by weight bismuth oxide in a solution of epoxy resin in butyl alcohol, and fire it in air at 1300 °C for 30 minutes. The bismuth oxide diffuses into the zinc oxide. Not given: how much paste, or the strength of the epoxy solution.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Bismuth oxide1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Dagtang epoksi
n-ButanolMuffle furnace5
5
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray a metallised film of aluminium on both faces. Attach a lead wire to each with conductive silver paint, as in Example 1. Ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999): wire-arc spray the aluminium from two 3.2 mm wires melted by an 18-40 V DC arc and atomised by compressed air, 15-20 cm from the disc and never at less than 45°, in at least two coats at right angles of 50-75 µm each. Unknown: the paint.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Bareta ng aluminyo1 as 3.2 mm spray wire
Pinturang pilak na nagdadala ng kuryente1 as required
Kawad na Tanso2 pirasoMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Kalipers na Vernier
Baril na pang-spray na may arko ng kawad
Pang-industriyang panipil ng hanginMga Materyales
5- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
- 1 as 3.2 mm spray wirePlaceholder
- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
- 2 pirasoPlaceholder
Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
10- Placeholder
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